Emergency Luminaire Load Balancing for Current Pulse Communication

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing emergency lighting systems face challenges in reliable data communication through current pulses due to interference with load current pulses, particularly in adaptive and dynamic modes, which limits communication bandwidth and requires all lights to be synchronized, making it costly and unreliable.

Innovation Solution

Incorporating a load balancing device that maintains a substantially constant current consumption, allowing for reliable communication using current pulses by compensating for changes in load current, enabling data exchange without restricting duration, bandwidth, or timing, and allowing individual lamps to operate independently.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If luminaires operate in dynamic modes (flashing, strobe, dimming) to provide adaptive escape route indication, then the lighting functionality is improved, but the load current pulsation interferes with data communication via current pulses

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveadaptive lighting modesVSAvoiddata communication reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

A load balancing device is introduced as an intermediary component that decouples the lighting function from the power supply function. The device includes a controllable current sink that compensates for load current variations caused by dynamic lighting modes, and a bypass device that transfers current pulses from the supply line to the load during LED off-phases. This intermediary structure enables both adaptive lighting and reliable data communication simultaneously.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The system separates the power supply function and lighting function into distinct operational components. The LED driver handles lighting control independently while the load balancing device manages power supply stability independently. This segmentation allows each subsystem to operate without interfering with the other, enabling simultaneous dynamic lighting modes and stable current pulse communication.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Reliability

If all luminaires are synchronized in their operating modes to enable current pulse communication, then data exchange becomes possible, but the system complexity and cost increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedata exchange capabilityVSAvoidsynchronization requirement
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The load balancing device provides universal functionality that works with any luminaire operating mode without requiring mode-specific synchronization. The controllable current sink automatically adapts to maintain constant total load current regardless of whether luminaires are in steady-state or dynamic modes, making the data communication system universally applicable to all luminaires in the network.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Ease of operation

If power line communication is used for data exchange, then communication can occur without synchronization, but the technical effort and cost increase considerably

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecommunication setup simplicityVSAvoidtechnical effort
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention replaces the electronic power line communication system with a simpler electromagnetic signal transmission approach. Instead of using complex modulation techniques on the power line, the system uses direct current pulse transmission through the supply line, with the load balancing device ensuring signal integrity. This substitution dramatically reduces technical complexity while maintaining communication functionality.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables cost-effective and safe data communication between lamps and the central unit, maintaining constant load current even in changing modes, ensuring reliable data exchange and adaptive lighting responses without the need for synchronized operation.

Implementation Method 1

the load balancing device takes over the corresponding load current during the off phases of the corresponding LEDs

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical load balancing:

Implementation Method 2

The luminaire (1) has a number of LEDs (2) and an LED driver (3) for supplying the LEDs (2)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLight-emitting diode effect: Light Emitting Diode

Data Source

PatentEP3945750B1Light and lighting system
Publication Date: 2024.01.17 EATON INTELLIGENT POWER LTD
  • EP3945750B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3945750B1 patent drawingFigure 2

AI summary

The invention relates to a luminaire, in particular an emergency exit sign/safety or emergency light, comprising at least a number of LEDs, an LED driver, and a monitoring and control unit. The luminaire is usable in various selectable modes and has at least one connection for power supply and data exchange. To enable such a luminaire to exchange data via current pulses in a simple and cost-effective manner, with each individual luminaire having no limitations regarding duration, bandwidth, or timing of the corresponding transmission of the current pulses between the luminaire and the central unit, the luminaire includes a load balancing device. This device, together with the LEDs as the total load, allows for the adjustment of a substantially constant current draw of the luminaire and, in particular, of the LED driver.