Low-Voltage Distribution Board With Serial Bus Load ID Assignment
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Solution Overview
Problem
Charging systems for electric vehicles face challenges in providing efficient power distribution, status monitoring, and fault protection for low-voltage loads without dedicated wiring, making it difficult to identify and address faults and route wiring harnesses effectively.
Innovation Solution
A low-voltage distribution board with a serial bus and ID assignment circuit that connects multiple power supplies to loads, allowing for unique communication IDs and automatic fault detection, along with current distribution circuits and fuses for protection, enables efficient power distribution and monitoring of low-voltage loads in a DCFC system.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a wiring harness with dedicated wiring is provided for each low-voltage load, then status monitoring and fault identification capability is improved, but device complexity and routing difficulty increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies universality by using a single serial communication bus that serves multiple functions: it communicates with all low-voltage loads simultaneously, assigns unique IDs to each load, monitors status, and identifies faults. This replaces the need for separate dedicated wiring for each load, reducing wiring harness complexity while maintaining full monitoring capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent merges multiple communication channels into a single serial bus. Instead of having separate wiring for each load's status monitoring, the system combines all communications into one shared bus with unique ID assignment, simplifying the overall wiring structure while preserving individual load identification and monitoring capabilities.
2Reliability
If a wiring harness with dedicated wiring is provided for each low-voltage load, then fault protection capability is improved, but routing difficulty through the charging system increases
Solution Approach 1:
The serial communication bus provides universal communication capability across all loads through a single routing path. The system can identify and protect individual loads by their unique IDs without requiring separate physical routing for each load, making harness installation and routing significantly easier while maintaining fault protection capability.
3Extent of automation
If dedicated wiring is provided for each load, then the ability to provide intelligent sensing and reset is improved, but the difficulty to determine fault source without physical examination increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements feedback through the serial communication bus, where each load reports its status and the master controller receives this information electronically. When a fault occurs, the system automatically receives feedback from the affected load through the bus, identifying the fault source without requiring physical examination of each component.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical approach of physically examining wiring and loads to identify faults with an electronic communication system. The serial bus with unique ID assignment allows the master controller to electronically query and identify the exact location and nature of faults, eliminating the need for manual physical inspection.
4Reliability
If a wiring harness having dedicated wiring is provided, then the charging system can provide protection against short circuits, but the system becomes less adaptable to adding or replacing loads
Solution Approach 1:
The serial communication bus provides a universal interface that can accommodate any number of loads with unique ID assignments. When loads are added or replaced, the system automatically assigns new IDs through the same bus infrastructure, maintaining short circuit protection capability while significantly improving adaptability to system changes.
Data Source
AI summary
A low-voltage distribution board and a direct current fast charging (DCFC) system including the low-voltage distribution board are provided. The DCFC system includes a power supply and a plurality of loads connected by a serial bus. The low-voltage distribution board includes a first input connector configured to receive power from the first power supply, and a first plurality of output connectors configured to be connected to the first plurality of loads. The low-voltage distribution board further includes a first current distribution circuit configured to provide, through the first plurality of output connectors, the received power from the first power supply to the first plurality of loads, and an identification (ID) assignment circuit configured to provide, through the first plurality of output connectors, different ID values to each of the first plurality of loads.