LysSS Recombinant Protein Targets Gram-Negative Bacteria
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current antimicrobial agents are ineffective against multi-drug resistant gram-negative bacteria due to the outer membrane structure of these bacteria, which prevents the antibacterial proteins from reaching the peptidoglycan cell wall, limiting their effectiveness.
Innovation Solution
A recombinant protein LysSS derived from bacteriophage SS3e, with a specific amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 1), is used to target and degrade the peptidoglycan cell wall of gram-negative bacteria such as Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella species, providing broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional antibacterial proteins are used against gram-negative bacteria, then the protein structure is simple and easy to produce, but the antibacterial activity is insufficient due to the outer membrane barrier
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a bacteriophage-derived recombinant protein as an intermediary substance that can penetrate the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria. This protein acts as a mediator that bridges the gap between conventional antibacterial agents and the peptidoglycan cell wall, enabling effective delivery of antibacterial activity through the outer membrane barrier by exploiting phage-derived structures or mechanisms that naturally interact with bacterial membranes.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent modifies the chemical or physical parameters of the antibacterial protein by deriving it from bacteriophage, which changes its interaction properties with the outer membrane. This parameter change enables the protein to overcome the membrane barrier that previously blocked conventional antibiotics, transforming the protein's ability to penetrate and reach its target in gram-negative bacteria.
2Reliability
If bacteriophage itself is used as an antibacterial agent, then the killing activity is strong, but there are stability and quality control problems
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and isolates the antibacterial protein component from the complete bacteriophage structure. By separating the active antibacterial protein from the viral capsid and other phage components, the invention retains the killing activity while eliminating the stability and quality control issues associated with using whole bacteriophage, allowing for better pharmaceutical formulation and consistent dosing.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a recombinant copy of the bacteriophage-derived antibacterial protein using genetic engineering techniques. This recombinant protein copy replicates the essential antibacterial function of the original phage protein while providing improved stability, consistency, and manufacturability through standardized recombinant expression systems, solving the quality control problems of natural bacteriophage.
3Ease of operation
If purified antibacterial protein is treated outside bacteria, then the protein can be handled and applied, but it cannot reach the peptidoglycan cell wall and does not exhibit effective activity
Solution Approach 1:
The bacteriophage-derived protein serves as an intermediary that can function effectively in extracellular environments while maintaining the ability to reach and act on the peptidoglycan cell wall. The protein's phage origin gives it properties that allow it to navigate through or across the outer membrane even when applied outside the bacteria, bridging the gap between ease of application and effective target delivery.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
LysSS effectively kills gram-negative bacteria by degrading peptidoglycan, offering a safe and resistant-free antibacterial solution for pharmaceutical, food, and biotechnological applications, including antibiotics, disinfectants, and feed additives, without affecting humans or animals.
Implementation Method 1
LysSS, uses peptidoglycan, which is a component of the cell wall of bacteria, as a substrate, and exhibits bacterial killing ability due to peptidoglycan degradation
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a bacteriophage-derived recombinant protein having antimicrobial activity against gram-negative bacteria, and the bacteriophage-derived recombinant protein LysSS of the present invention exhibits killing activity to gram-negative bacteria and thus can prevent or treat infectious diseases caused by bacteria, and can be widely used in antibiotics, disinfectants, food additives, feed additives, and the like. In particular, the LysSS uses peptidoglycan, which is a component of the cell wall of bacteria, as a substrate, and exhibits bacterial killing ability due to peptidoglycan degradation and the peptidoglycan exists only in bacteria and not in humans or animals, and thus there is an advantage that LysSS of the present invention is safe because it does not affect humans and animals, and can be applied to the pharmaceutical industry, food industry, biotechnology, etc., as well as can effectively kill bacteria in a target place or a target substance without problems of resistance to multi-drug antimicrobial agents.