M 48-42 Grapevine Breeding for Disease Resistance and Antioxidant Yield
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current grapevine varieties lack a combination of early ripening, high resistance to diseases like downy mildew and powdery mildew, and suitability for producing high-antioxidant dried currants, with many requiring excessive agrichemicals and unsuitable for organic production.
Innovation Solution
A new diploid grapevine variety, 'M 48-42', resulting from crossing '39-639 Seyve-Villard' and 'Beauty Seedless', exhibits early-ripening, stenospermocarpic fruit production, intense black-purple berries, superior disease resistance, and high antioxidant levels, allowing for reduced agrichemical use and organic production suitability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional grapevine varieties are used for dried currant production, then production can proceed with standard varieties, but the antioxidant levels are insufficient and disease resistance is poor requiring excessive agrichemicals
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by selecting and breeding a grapevine variety with specific genetic parameters that inherently provide high disease resistance and high antioxidant content. The new variety M 48-42 was developed through controlled crossing to optimize parameters including resistance to downy mildew and powdery mildew, while simultaneously achieving high antioxidant levels suitable for organic production without excessive agrichemical usage
2Productivity
If early-ripening varieties are selected for production, then harvest time is reduced and productivity increases, but disease resistance and antioxidant content are compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges previously separate traits into a single variety by crossing '39-639 Seyve-Villard' (which contributed disease resistance) with 'Beauty Seedless' (which contributed early ripening and stenospermocarpic fruit production). The resulting variety M 48-42 combines early-ripening characteristics with superior disease resistance and high antioxidant content, achieving multiple desirable traits simultaneously
3Productivity
If high-yielding varieties are planted for dried currants, then production volume increases, but the varieties require setting sprays and excessive agrichemicals reducing organic suitability
Solution Approach 1:
The new variety M 48-42 exhibits self-service characteristics by naturally setting fruit without requiring setting sprays and by providing inherent disease resistance that eliminates the need for excessive agrichemical applications. This self-sufficient variety maintains high productivity while being specifically suited for organic production systems
Data Source
AI summary
A new and distinct variety of diploid grapevine is provided which abundantly forms early-ripening juicy relatively large bunches of small substantially spherical berries that develop an intense black-purple coloration upon maturity. A propensity for high stenospermocarpic fruit production is displayed. Superior resistance to downy mildew and powdery mildew has been observed during evaluations to date. The plant is particularly well suited for the production of dried currants. The fruit also can be used in the table grape market or be used to make wine or grape juice.