Machine Tool Oscillation Control for Chip Breaking and Vibration
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing machine tools experience strong vibration during machining due to high oscillation amplitude, which adversely affects machining accuracy when trying to shred chips effectively.
Innovation Solution
A machine tool controller that adjusts oscillation amplitude and frequency based on machining conditions to prevent or reduce vibration, using an oscillation command generation unit and position/speed control unit to superimpose oscillation commands on position commands, allowing for dynamic changes during machining.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If high oscillation amplitude is used to shred chips effectively, then chip shredding capability is improved, but machine tool vibration increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by making the oscillation amplitude variable rather than constant. The control device dynamically adjusts the oscillation amplitude during machining based on detected vibration levels and machining conditions, allowing high amplitude for chip shredding when needed while reducing amplitude to minimize vibration when machining is stable, thus resolving the contradiction between chip shredding capability and vibration control
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the oscillation amplitude parameter adaptively during the machining process. The control device monitors machining conditions and vibration levels, then adjusts the oscillation amplitude parameter in real-time to optimize both chip shredding effectiveness and vibration control, transforming a static parameter into a dynamic one that responds to actual machining needs
2Reliability
If oscillation amplitude is increased to ensure reliable chip shredding at the beginning of cutting, then chip shredding reliability is improved, but machining accuracy deteriorates due to strong vibration
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs periodic action through oscillation commands that are superimposed on the machining process. By controlling the oscillation to occur in specific periodic cycles with adjustable amplitude and frequency, the system achieves reliable chip shredding during the oscillation phases while allowing vibration reduction during non-oscillation phases, thus balancing reliability and machining accuracy
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically adjusts oscillation parameters based on real-time machining conditions. At the beginning of cutting when chip shredding is critical, high oscillation amplitude is applied reliably. As machining progresses and stability is achieved, the amplitude is dynamically reduced to protect machining accuracy, thus resolving the contradiction between initial reliability and overall precision
Data Source
AI summary
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a control device for a machine tool that can reliably chop chips while suppressing vibration of the machine tool. A control device (1) for a machine tool machines by relatively oscillating a tool and a workpiece, the control device comprising: an oscillation command generation unit (13) that calculates an oscillation amplitude and an oscillation frequency from a machining condition and generates an oscillation command; and a position-speed control unit (17) that relatively oscillates the tool and the workpiece on the basis of a superimposed command generated by superimposing the oscillation command generated by the oscillation command generation unit (13) on a position command or a position deviation. The oscillation command generation unit (13) changes the oscillation amplitude and/or the oscillation frequency during machining.