Machine Tool Path Planning for Differential Shape Machining
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional machine tools experience longer machining times when the cutting amount of the cutting tool is set small to reduce wear, particularly in ultra-high-precision machining where the cutting depth cannot be large, leading to inefficient use of the cutting tool and extended machining times.
Innovation Solution
A machine tool and control method that acquire the pre-machining and target shapes of a workpiece, calculate the differential shape, and set machining paths only on this differential shape, defining machining planes and areas to minimize idle movement of the cutting tool, allowing for focused machining and reduced machining time.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Duration of action of stationary object
If the cutting amount (depth of cut) of the cutting tool is set small to reduce wear, then the tool life is extended, but the machining time becomes longer
Solution Approach 1:
The invention performs preliminary measurement of the workpiece shape before machining to acquire actual pre-machining shape data. Based on this measured data and the target shape, the machining path is planned in advance to process only the differential shape (material that needs to be removed). This preliminary action of measurement and planning enables optimized machining paths that reduce idle tool movement while maintaining small cutting depths for tool protection.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention dynamically adjusts the machining strategy by calculating the differential shape between the measured pre-machining shape and the target shape. The machining path is set based on this differential, allowing the system to adapt to actual workpiece variations. This dynamic approach ensures the tool only moves and cuts where material removal is needed, minimizing idle movement and reducing machining time while maintaining appropriate cutting depths.
2Device complexity
If conventional machining paths are used without considering pre-machining shape, then the machining process is simpler, but the machining time increases due to idle tool movement
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary measurement of the workpiece shape and pre-calculates the differential shape between the measured pre-machining shape and the target shape. This preliminary action enables the generation of optimized machining paths that eliminate idle tool movement. Although this adds measurement and calculation steps, it significantly reduces actual machining time by ensuring the tool only moves where material removal is needed.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention uses feedback from actual workpiece measurement to adjust and optimize the machining path. The measured pre-machining shape is compared with the target shape to calculate the differential, and this feedback information is used to generate efficient machining paths. This closed-loop approach ensures the machining process adapts to actual workpiece conditions, minimizing unnecessary tool movement and machining time.
Data Source
AI summary
A machine tool for performing a cutting process on a workpiece with a cutting tool, includes: a pre-machining shape acquisition unit configured to acquire the shape of the workpiece before cutting, as a pre-machining shape; a target shape acquisition unit configured to acquire a target shape of the workpiece after cutting; a differential shape acquisition unit configured to acquire a differential shape between the pre-machining shape and the target shape; and a machining path setting unit configured to set machining paths so as to perform the cutting process on the differential shape only.