Machine Tool Guide Rail Bearing Surface Orientation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional machine tools with hydrostatic guide rails face issues with tilting and reduced dynamic performance due to hydrostatic pressure, which limits their ability to maintain rigidity and precision during machining operations.
Innovation Solution
The machine tool design incorporates guide rails with bearing surfaces oriented non-parallel to the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis, allowing hydrostatic force components along multiple axes, and a connecting structure to fix the linear motor's movers, reducing deformation and improving rigidity and precision.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Force
If hydrostatic bearing is used to reduce friction during movement, then friction is reduced, but the movable assembly tilts relative to the base, negatively affecting dynamic performance
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from conventional single-axis hydrostatic oil pockets to multi-axis oil pockets that extend in multiple directions (X, Y, and Z axes). This dimensional expansion allows the hydrostatic pressure to be distributed across multiple axes, preventing tilting while maintaining friction reduction. The oil pockets are configured with bottom surfaces that are not parallel to the coordinate planes, creating force components in multiple directions to counteract tilting moments.
2Device complexity
If conventional hydrostatic oil pockets are arranged along a single axis, then the structure is simple, but only single-axis rigidity is provided, unable to meet high dynamic performance demands
Solution Approach 1:
The patent expands the oil pocket arrangement from one-dimensional (single axis) to three-dimensional configuration. The multi-axis oil pockets extend in X, Y, and Z directions with bottom surfaces at different orientations, providing rigidity components along multiple axes. This spatial distribution of hydrostatic support enables the movable assembly to resist tilting in any direction while maintaining structural feasibility.
3Ease of operation
If the movable main structure slides on the machine base via guide rails, then movement is enabled, but the structure may twist during operation, affecting machining precision
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs hydrostatic pressure generated by multi-axis oil pockets to create a floating support system between the movable main structure and the machine base. This hydraulic cushioning effect eliminates direct metal-to-metal contact, preventing twisting and deformation during sliding movement. The hydrostatic film distributes loads uniformly across the bearing surfaces, maintaining machining precision while enabling smooth movement.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enhances the machine tool's rigidity and precision by distributing hydrostatic pressure across multiple axes, minimizing twisting and deformation, and maintaining high machining accuracy.
Implementation Method 1
The hydrostatic pressure is produced by creating an oil film between the movable assembly and the base of the machine tool
Implementation Method 2
the normal directions of the bearing surfaces of the two guide rails are not parallel to the X-axis, the Y-axis, the Z-axis of the machine tool... the hydrostatic force is not only exerted along one axis but has components along the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis
Data Source
AI summary
The disclosure relates to a machine tool. The machine tool includes machine base, guide rails, and movable main structure. The movable main structure is slidably disposed on the machine base via the guide rails, and each guide rail has bearing surfaces. The machine tool has X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis, the Z-axis is substantially parallel to an axis of a chuck of the machine tool, and the Y-axis is substantially parallel to a sliding direction of the movable main structure. The machine tool characterized in that: normal directions of the bearing surfaces of the guide rails are not parallel to the X-axis, the Y-axis, the Z-axis of the machine tool and a reference line that passes through the guide rails.