Machine Tool Vibration Control at Multi-Path Cutting Transitions
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing machine tools face challenges in continuously moving cutting tools along multiple predetermined movement paths with different machining feeding directions while effectively managing reciprocating vibrations during path transitions, leading to inefficiencies and inaccuracies in the cutting process.
Innovation Solution
A machine tool configuration that includes a control unit to stop and start reciprocating vibrations at specific times as the cutting tool moves between consecutive movement paths, ensuring the vibration is restricted at the starting position of each path, allowing continuous feeding and rotation to maintain precise cutting along varied paths.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If reciprocating vibration is applied continuously during cutting along multiple movement paths, then cutting efficiency is improved, but machining accuracy deteriorates at path transition points due to unnecessary vibrations
Solution Approach 1:
The vibration means operates periodically by alternating between vibration application and pause states. The control unit controls the vibration means to pause vibration for a predetermined period when the cutting tool approaches a path transition point, and to apply vibration during stable cutting along each movement path. This periodic on-off control resolves the contradiction by maintaining high cutting efficiency during steady-state machining while eliminating accuracy-deteriorating vibrations at critical path transition points.
2Ease of manufacture
If reciprocating vibration is applied during cutting, then difficult-to-cut materials can be processed, but irregularities in cutting shape occur at movement path starting positions
Solution Approach 1:
The control unit detects upcoming path transition points in advance and preemptively pauses the vibration means before the cutting tool reaches the transition point. This preliminary anti-action prevents the generation of irregularities at movement path starting positions by eliminating vibration-induced disturbances before they can occur, while still allowing vibration to be applied for processing difficult-to-cut materials during stable cutting segments.
3Loss of time
If vibration is maintained during path transitions, then continuous cutting is achieved, but machining accuracy and surface quality deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically adjusts the vibration state based on the cutting tool's position and the upcoming movement path transitions. The control unit continuously monitors the cutting process and adaptively controls the vibration means to pause only during critical path transitions while maintaining vibration during stable cutting operations. This dynamic control achieves continuous cutting operation without sacrificing surface quality, as the pause duration is precisely controlled to be only long enough to prevent irregularities.
Data Source
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AI summary
A machine tool includes: a cutting tool for cutting a workpiece; rotating means for rotating the cutting tool and the workpiece relative to each other; feeding means for feeding the cutting tool and the workpiece in a predetermined machining feeding direction; and vibration means for reciprocatingly vibrating the cutting tool and the workpiece relative to each other; wherein the cutting process is carried out by a relative rotation of the workpiece and the cutting tool, and feeding of the cutting tool in the machining feeding direction of the cutting tool, to thereby move the cutting tool continuously along a plurality of predetermined movement paths each having a different machining feeding direction. The machine tool further includes vibration restriction means that operates as the movement of the cutting tool changes from one movement path of two consecutive movement paths to the other movement path, for restricting the reciprocating vibration for a predetermined period from the movement starting position of the movement paths, and starting the reciprocating vibration after the lapse of said predetermined period.