Machine Vision and Laser Triangulation for Compact 3D Positioning
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Existing robot visual positioning methods, such as stereo vision, structured light, and laser triangulation, face limitations in accuracy, bulkiness, and suitability for installation on robot arms, with laser scanning being one-dimensional and inaccurate.
Innovation Solution
A three-dimensional measurement and positioning system integrating machine vision and laser triangulation, using a standard positioning target with a two- or three-dimensional structure, a detection camera, laser projection, and imaging components to achieve precise XY and Z-axis coordinate positioning.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If stereo vision method is used for three-dimensional measurement, then measurement accuracy can be improved through baseline length, but the system becomes bulky and unsuitable for installation on robot arm
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the laser ranging function and machine vision function into a single integrated sensor head. The laser projection unit and camera are combined in one compact structure, eliminating the need for separate stereo vision baselines while achieving both 2D positioning and 3D measurement through the combination of laser distance data and image coordinate data.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a standard positioning target as an intermediary element. This target serves as a reference object that links the laser ranging measurements and machine vision observations, enabling the system to compute three-dimensional coordinates by combining laser distance information with image plane coordinates through geometric relationships.
2Measurement precision
If laser triangulation sensor is used for precision measurement, then measurement accuracy is improved, but the system can only measure one-dimensional height or distance
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines laser triangulation measurement (providing accurate distance Z) with machine vision imaging (providing 2D coordinates XY) in a single integrated system. This merging allows the system to simultaneously obtain complete three-dimensional coordinates (X, Y, Z) of target points, transforming a one-dimensional measurement capability into a full three-dimensional measurement capability.
3Measurement precision
If structured light measurement method is used, then three-dimensional information can be obtained, but the method is mainly suitable for structural objects and not general positioning
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts only the essential positioning function from complex structured light methods. Instead of using complex light patterns for surface reconstruction, the system uses a simplified approach with a standard positioning target and laser ranging, extracting only the necessary three-dimensional coordinate information while improving versatility for general positioning tasks.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables rapid and precise determination of three-dimensional coordinate positions, overcoming installation and accuracy issues of existing methods.
Implementation Method 1
a three-dimensional measurement and positioning system based on machine vision and laser triangulation
Implementation Method 2
the machine vision system includes a detection camera and a first optical imaging lens connected to the detection camera
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2~3
Figure 4~5
AI summary
Disclosed in the present application is a measurement and positioning system based on machine vision and laser triangulation, which includes a machine vision system, a laser ranging system, and a standard positioning target configured to be installed on a positioned workpiece, where the laser ranging system is configured to project laser light onto the standard positioning target to perform a three-dimensional height measurement, and the machine vision system is configured to capture and image a positioning target and a laser image projected on the standard positioning target and to measure a two-dimensional coordinate position. The measurement system of the present application can realize a rapid three-dimensional measurement and precise positioning of a spatial position of the positioned object by means of the standard positioning target installed on the positioned object.