Macro Base Station User Plane Offloading to Access Point

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current wireless communication networks face challenges in efficiently offloading data traffic from macro cells to small cells, especially in high-frequency bands, which affects connectivity, mobility, and capacity, leading to increased costs and congestion.

Innovation Solution

The implementation of LTE/LTE-A network-assisted semi-autonomous Wi-Fi offloading, where Wi-Fi access points are deployed under macro cell coverage and controlled by the macro base station, enabling seamless user-plane packet offloading while maintaining control plane signaling, allowing for flexible data bearer selection and load balancing.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If data traffic is offloaded from macro cells to small cells in high-frequency bands, then network capacity is improved, but connectivity and mobility are degraded

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenetwork capacityVSAvoidconnectivity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the control plane and user plane functions. The control plane remains anchored at the macro base station to ensure reliable connectivity and mobility management, while the user plane is offloaded to small cells in high-frequency bands to enhance network capacity. This functional segmentation allows simultaneous optimization of both reliability and productivity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces an intermediary mechanism where the macro base station acts as a controller that manages and coordinates the small cells. This intermediary maintains the control plane connection through the macro cell while enabling user plane traffic to flow through the small cells, thus preserving connectivity reliability while achieving capacity improvement.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Ease of manufacture

If Wi-Fi offloading is implemented, then mobile network expansion costs are reduced, but seamless offloading requires complex integration between cellular and Wi-Fi networks

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenetwork expansion costVSAvoidnetwork integration complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the control plane management of cellular networks with Wi-Fi access points under a unified macro base station controller. This integration allows Wi-Fi access points to be deployed as small cells without requiring separate complex management infrastructure, thereby reducing expansion costs while maintaining manageable system complexity through consolidated control.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The macro base station is designed with universal functionality to handle both control plane signaling and user plane data traffic across different access types (cellular and Wi-Fi). This multi-functionality eliminates the need for separate specialized infrastructure, reducing overall system complexity while enabling cost-effective network expansion.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Productivity

If users are encouraged to use Wi-Fi voluntarily, then network congestion is reduced, but some applications require seamless Wi-Fi mode which complicates device management

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenetwork congestion reductionVSAvoiddevice management ease
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The patent enables user equipment to autonomously detect available small cells (including Wi-Fi access points) and self-configure for offloading based on pre-configured information. This self-service capability allows devices to automatically switch to Wi-Fi mode when appropriate without complex user intervention or manual configuration, maintaining ease of operation while achieving congestion reduction.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements pre-configuration of offloading information in user equipment before actual offloading occurs. This preliminary action includes storing small cell identifiers, access parameters, and switching criteria, enabling devices to seamlessly connect to Wi-Fi when needed without complex real-time decision-making or user input, thus preserving operational simplicity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Data Source

PatentEP2868135B1Offloading of user plane packets from a macro base station to an access point
Publication Date: 2020.01.01 NOKIA SOLUTIONS & NETWORKS OY
  • EP2868135B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2868135B1 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP2868135B1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

A method for radio access offloading is disclosed, wherein the method comprises maintaining (302), in a user terminal (102), pre-configuration information on integrated local area radio access offloading layers. In response to detecting an access point (104) of an available offloading layer, the user terminal may activate (305) a local area radio access offloading mode. The user terminal (102) transmits (306), to the base station (101) via the access point (104), an indication indicating that the offloading mode is activated, and receives, from the base station (101), a confirmation (309) indicating that the activated offloading mode is accepted by the base station (101). The user terminal (102) then decides, whether or not to switch to the available offloading layer, wherein if the user terminal (102) decides to switch to the available offloading layer, offloading (311, 312) is performed via the access point (104).