Macro Compressed Sensing Streamers for Noise and Aliasing Reduction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing seismic data acquisition systems face challenges with high noise levels and aliasing due to uniform sensor distribution along towed streamers, which affect signal quality and increase cost and complexity.
Innovation Solution
Implementing a non-uniform sensor density and output point distribution along the streamer, with higher sensor density near output points and varying sensor spacing to reduce noise and aliasing, utilizing compressed sensing algorithms for signal reconstruction.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If sensors are evenly distributed along the streamer with constant spacing, then the device complexity is reduced and manufacturing is simplified, but the signal sampling rate is insufficient leading to aliasing at higher frequencies
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by varying the sensor spacing along the streamer length. Sensors are densely spaced in certain regions (particularly near the center) and more sparsely spaced in other regions. This non-uniform distribution allows the system to achieve adequate sampling resolution where most seismic energy is concentrated while reducing overall sensor count, thereby resolving the contradiction between simplified device complexity and measurement precision.
2Measurement precision
If sensors are densely spaced every 3 meters to meet Nyquist sampling criteria, then the signal sampling accuracy is improved and aliasing is reduced, but the device complexity and cost increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the parameter of sensor spacing from a uniform constant value to a variable value that changes along the streamer length. By implementing non-uniform spacing with variable density, the system achieves adequate sampling accuracy in critical regions without requiring dense 3-meter spacing throughout the entire streamer, thus reducing device complexity and cost while maintaining measurement precision where it matters most.
3Ease of manufacture
If uniform sensor distribution is used, then the manufacturing and deployment is simplified, but the noise sampling and attenuation requirements are not met effectively
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by concentrating sensors in specific regions along the streamer where noise attenuation is most critical. The non-uniform distribution places higher sensor density in regions that require better noise sampling and attenuation, while allowing simpler construction in regions where uniform spacing suffices. This resolves the contradiction by making the system manufacturable while maintaining reliability where it matters most.
Data Source
AI summary
An invention that relates to streamers is described. These streamers contain one or more streamer sections. These sections can have sensors, channels, and/or analogue arrays of sensors are disposed along its length. At least one of these streamer sections has a variable density of sensors, channels, and/or analogue arrays along the length.