Magnesium Battery Electrolyte for Stable Deposition and Low Overpotential

The patent introduces a specially designed electrolyte salt with a unique molecular structure that acts as an intermediary between magnesium ions and the solvent. This electrolyte salt forms a stable interfacial layer that prevents direct reaction between magnesium metal and conventional solvents, thereby eliminating passivation layer formation while maintaining ion conduction. The electrolyte salt serves as a protective mediator that resolves the contradiction between ion conduction and interfacial stability.

The patent changes the chemical parameters of the electrolyte by using a novel electrolyte salt with specific molecular structure and composition. This parameter change transforms the electrolytic solution from one that forms passivation layers to one that maintains stable interfaces while conducting magnesium ions effectively.

The electrolyte salt acts as an intermediary protective layer at the electrode-electrolyte interface, shielding the magnesium metal from impurities such as water, oxygen, and carbon dioxide. This intermediary layer prevents impurity-induced interface instability while enabling smooth magnesium ion deposition and dissolution, thereby reducing over-potential and improving charging-discharging performance.

The patent converts the harmful effect of impurity susceptibility into a benefit by using the electrolyte salt to create a protective interface. The electrolyte salt's molecular structure is designed to be more susceptible to impurities than magnesium metal, effectively sacrificing itself to protect the magnesium electrode, thereby converting the harm of impurity exposure into a protective mechanism.

The patent ensures continuous and stable magnesium ion conduction throughout the battery's operational life by using an electrolyte salt that maintains stable solvation structures. The electrolyte salt enables uninterrupted magnesium ion transport during long-time charging and discharging cycles, preventing the degradation and failure that occur with conventional electrolytic solutions.

The patent uses a composite electrolytic solution system consisting of conventional solvents combined with a novel electrolyte salt. This composite approach leverages the good ion solvation ability of conventional solvents while adding the stability and protection provided by the specially designed electrolyte salt, achieving both efficient ion conduction and long cycling life.