Permanent-Magnet Rotor With Shielding for Low-Loss Continuous Rotation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing motors suffer from reduced efficiency due to continuous electrical energy supply, which leads to energy losses and increased risk of electrocution, and produce undesirable harmonics of electric current.
Innovation Solution
A magnetic motor apparatus utilizing a rotor element with concentrically arranged permanent magnets and rotatable urging elements, which maintain rotational momentum through alternating polarity without continuous electrical energy, minimizing energy losses and emissions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Duration of action of stationary object
If continuous electrical energy is supplied to the motor, then the motor can maintain continuous operation, but energy losses increase and efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The motor uses periodic action by alternating the polarity of electromagnets in sequence rather than continuous energization. The commutator periodically reverses current direction in coil groups, creating alternating magnetic fields that continuously propel the rotor without requiring constant energy input to all coils simultaneously. This periodic energization reduces overall energy consumption while maintaining continuous rotation.
Solution Approach 2:
The motor achieves continuity of useful action through the commutator and brush system that maintains constant rotational motion. As the rotor turns, the commutator continuously switches current between different coil groups, ensuring that magnetic forces are always acting on the rotor to maintain motion. This continuous action is achieved through mechanical switching rather than continuous electrical supply to all components.
2Duration of action of stationary object
If continuous electrical energy is supplied to the motor, then the motor can maintain continuous operation, but the risk of electrocution increases
Solution Approach 1:
The motor employs periodic action by energizing coil groups in alternating sequences rather than continuous energization. The commutator periodically switches current on and off for different coil groups as the rotor rotates, creating intermittent rather than continuous electrical contact requirements. This reduces the duration of electrical exposure and associated electrocution risks.
3Duration of action of stationary object
If continuous electrical energy is supplied to the motor, then the motor can maintain continuous operation, but harmonics of electric current are produced which constitute energy losses
Solution Approach 1:
The motor uses periodic action through the commutator system that switches current in a regular, cyclical pattern as the rotor rotates. This periodic switching creates a more structured current waveform compared to continuous supply, potentially reducing random harmonics. The regular on-off cycling of coil groups creates a more predictable electromagnetic pattern that can minimize unwanted harmonic generation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The motor apparatus achieves higher efficiency by maintaining rotational momentum using permanent magnets, reducing energy losses and emissions, and eliminating the need for continuous electrical energy supply.
Implementation Method 1
Permanent magnets either attract or repel each other, without requiring electricity. This property of magnets is used to push a rotor from behind and to pull it from ahead producing the force to keep itself going
Data Source
AI summary
A magnetic motor apparatus includes a motor housing, rotor element, rotatable urging elements and locking mechanism. The rotor element has an inner and outer rotor element, both including a plurality of permanent arc magnets arranged concentrically. The inner and outer rotor element are rotatable around an axis of rotation. The rotor element includes a plurality of shielding elements arranged in a third circle concentrically around the outer rotor element. An output shaft, rotatable with the rotor element, extends along the central axis of rotation and partly out the housing. The urging elements are arranged in a fourth circle concentrically around the rotor element. Each rotatable urging element includes a permanent magnet having poles, and is rotatable around a peripheral axis, such that each pole of the rotatable urging element in-use alternatingly faces the rotor element to impart an urging force. The locking mechanism controls rotation of the urging elements.