Magnetic DC Transformer Circuit for Bidirectional Power Transfer
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing DC power transfer technologies rely on capacitive storage, requiring rectification, direct wire connections, and complex circuits for AC conversion, limiting bidirectional power transfer and efficiency.
Innovation Solution
An electronic direct voltage transformer (EDVT) circuit using magnetic storage coupling with bi-directional AC switches and windings to transfer DC power, allowing energy storage and transfer based on winding ratios and duty cycles, enabling bidirectional power flow.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If DC capacitive storage is used for power transfer, then energy can be stored in electrical charge form, but the circuit requires rectification, direct wire connection, complex DC regulator circuits, and inverters
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the electrical field-based capacitive storage system with a magnetic field-based inductive storage system. The magnetic core with windings stores energy magnetically rather than electrically, eliminating the need for rectification circuits, DC regulators, and inverters while maintaining energy storage functionality
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a magnetic core as an intermediary between input and output circuits. This magnetic core with coupled windings acts as a mediator that transfers energy magnetically, replacing the direct electrical connection required by capacitive systems and simplifying the overall circuit architecture
2Productivity
If conventional DC/DC converter with inductor storage is used, then power can be transferred from high voltage DC input to lower voltage DC output, but the power flow is one-directional only
Solution Approach 1:
The patent designs the magnetic coupling system with bi-directional AC switches that can operate in either direction. The same magnetic core and winding configuration can transfer power from input to output or from output to input, making the circuit universally applicable for bidirectional power flow without requiring separate circuits for each direction
3Reliability
If minimum discharge circuit is used when load is disconnected, then overvoltage at load side can be prevented, but the maximum ratio of output to input voltage range is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs bi-directional AC switches with adjustable duty cycles that can dynamically adapt to different operating conditions. When load is disconnected, the switches can be configured to prevent overvoltage, while under normal operation, the duty cycle can be adjusted to achieve various voltage ratios, providing both protection and versatility
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The EDVT circuit provides efficient, bidirectional DC power transfer with reduced circuit elements, minimizing noise and size, and maintaining constant output voltage ratios, while allowing power to flow from load to source when necessary, thus overcoming limitations of capacitive storage systems.
Implementation Method 1
a magnetic storage coupling unit with a core and at least one set of windings wrapped around the core... provide magnetic storage of energy based on continuous switching of the bi-directional AC switches
Data Source
Figure 1A~1B
Figure 1C~1D
Figure 1E
AI summary
There is provided an electronic direct current transformer circuit configuration for transferring power from a source to a load using magnetic storage coupling, the circuit comprising: an input node adapted to receive an input alternating current power source having an input direct voltage waveform; the magnetic storage coupling unit comprising: a first set of windings coupled to a first switch, the first switch for receiving an input charging current associated with the input voltage; a second set of windings located in series or opposing connection with the first set of windings with a common magnetic path; a second switch connected at one end between the first and second set of windings and at another end to a common ground or common connection, the first and second switches having a switching frequency in a kilohertz range and switching between on and off in alternating modes; and an output node connected to the second set of windings, the output node adapted to provide an output DC power, the output power having an output voltage with an amplitude based on the input voltage and a voltage constant. Also, the direct current transformer behaves in the ideal sense in that it also allows power to flow from the load to the source. This reverse function works for alternating voltage (AC) and direct voltage (DC) circuits.