Magnetic Induction Pipe Defect Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional methods for detecting defects in buried petroleum natural gas pipes are destructive, unreliable, and unable to accurately determine the position and magnitude of defects without excavation, particularly for ferromagnetic pipes.
Innovation Solution
A method and device using magnetic induction intensity measurements to detect defects in pipes by analyzing changes in magnetic induction components along the pipe's length, determining defect positions and magnitudes based on predetermined thresholds, and utilizing a magnetic gradient matrix for precise detection.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional destructive detection methods (excavation, stripping, detecting, enclosing, backfilling) are used for buried pipes, then detection can be performed, but the pipe operation must be stopped and the method is destructive
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces mechanical excavation and physical inspection methods with electromagnetic induction detection. The system uses a detection device that emits electromagnetic signals to induce eddy currents in the pipe, measuring magnetic induction intensity changes to identify defects without physical contact or excavation, thus maintaining operational continuity while achieving reliable detection
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces electromagnetic fields as an intermediary medium between the detector and the pipe. The detection device uses electromagnetic induction to create an alternating magnetic field that penetrates the pipe wall, allowing defect detection through the pipe material and surrounding medium without direct mechanical access or excavation
2Reliability
If ultrasonic detection is used, then non-destructive detection is achieved, but the method requires coupling agents and is not suitable for buried pipes
Solution Approach 1:
The patent substitutes ultrasonic wave-based detection with electromagnetic induction-based detection. Instead of using mechanical ultrasonic waves that require coupling agents, the system employs electromagnetic fields that can penetrate through air, soil, and pipe walls without requiring direct contact or coupling media, making it suitable for buried pipe detection
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the physical parameter domain from acoustic waves to electromagnetic waves. By operating in the electromagnetic frequency domain rather than acoustic frequencies, the detection method eliminates the need for coupling agents and can detect through non-conductive media like air and soil, significantly improving adaptability to buried pipe conditions
3Measurement precision
If vortex detection is used, then surface and near-surface defects can be detected, but the method is not suitable for ferromagnetic pipes and requires excavation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the detection mechanism from vortex-induced electromagnetic induction to direct electromagnetic induction. By using a detection coil that generates an alternating magnetic field to induce eddy currents directly in the pipe wall, the method becomes effective for ferromagnetic materials. The system measures changes in magnetic induction intensity caused by defects, achieving high precision detection without material restrictions
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses electromagnetic fields as an intermediary that can penetrate through the pipe wall and surrounding medium. The detection coil generates an alternating magnetic field that induces eddy currents in the pipe, and the resulting magnetic field changes are measured by sensors. This electromagnetic intermediary allows detection without excavation and works effectively with ferromagnetic pipes
4Ease of operation
If magnetic detection methods are used, then non-excavation detection is achieved, but the ability to accurately determine defect position and magnitude is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the detection process into multiple measurement components: horizontal magnetic induction intensity changes, vertical magnetic induction intensity changes, and their respective rates of change. By analyzing multiple segmented parameters rather than a single magnetic field measurement, the system can accurately determine both the position and magnitude of defects through pattern recognition and threshold comparison
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements a feedback mechanism where the detection device continuously measures magnetic induction intensity and its rate of change, compares these measurements against threshold values, and provides real-time feedback on defect detection status. The system uses the feedback from multiple measurement parameters to accurately determine defect position and magnitude without excavation
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables non-destructive, accurate detection of defect positions and magnitudes in pipes, improving safety and reducing operational costs by avoiding excavation and enhancing detection precision for ferromagnetic pipes.
Implementation Method 1
A detection device is applied, which comprises: a detection coil configured to generate an alternating magnetic field to induce eddy currents in the pipe; a first sensor configured to measure a horizontal magnetic induction intensity of the alternating magnetic field; a second sensor configured to measure a vertical magnetic induction intensity of the alternating magnetic field
Implementation Method 2
a detection coil configured to generate an alternating magnetic field to induce eddy currents in the pipe
Data Source
AI summary
A method for detecting the defect of the pipe includes the steps of: detecting a first parameter related to a magnetic induction intensity along a length direction of the pipe; determining whether the first parameter exceeds a predetermined threshold; determining a position at which the first parameter exceeds the predetermined threshold as the position of the defect of the pipe; and determining a degree of the defect of the pipe based on a numerical value of the first parameter exceeding the predetermined threshold. Through the detecting device, the defect in the pipe is decided based on parameters related to the magnetic induction intensity, the position of the defect of the pipe is determined according to a position at which the parameters are abnormal, and the degree of the defect of the pipe is determined according to numerical values of the parameters which are abnormal.