Magnetic Load Sensor for Linear Actuator Axial Force Detection

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing linear motion actuators in electric brake systems face challenges in accurately detecting axial loads due to temperature influences on strain-based sensors and reliability issues with hydraulic pressure chambers, which affect detection accuracy and long-term reliability.

Innovation Solution

A magnetic load sensor unit is introduced, comprising a magnetic target and a magnetic sensor that changes position relative to each other with axial load, providing a deformation-based detection method that is less susceptible to temperature variations and external vibrations, using a Hall IC for high accuracy and cost-effectiveness.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If a strain gauge is mounted to the caliper body to detect axial load, then the detection system is simple to implement, but the detection accuracy deteriorates due to temperature influence and local strain measurement

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveease of sensor installationVSAvoidaxial load detection accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the strain gauge (mechanical/electrical resistance-based sensor) with a magnetic sensor system consisting of a Hall element and a magnet. This substitution eliminates the temperature sensitivity and local strain measurement issues of strain gauges, as the Hall element measures magnetic field changes that are directly related to the axial load through the deflection of the support member, providing more accurate and temperature-stable measurements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces a magnet as an intermediary element that couples the mechanical deflection of the support member to the electrical Hall element. The magnet converts the physical displacement into a magnetic field change, which the Hall element then detects. This intermediary mechanism provides a more reliable transmission of the load information compared to direct strain measurement.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Device complexity

If electrodes are embedded in the linear motion member to detect axial load through resistance change, then the sensor structure is compact, but detection accuracy deteriorates due to temperature influence and local strain measurement

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesensor structure simplicityVSAvoidaxial load detection accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the electrode-based resistance measurement system with a magnetic sensor system. The Hall element and magnet configuration substitutes the electrical resistance measurement approach, eliminating the temperature dependence and local strain measurement limitations while maintaining a compact structure. The magnetic field interaction provides a more accurate measure of the overall support member deflection.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Device complexity

If a hydraulic pressure chamber is used to detect axial load through pressure measurement, then the detection mechanism is simple, but long-term reliability deteriorates due to hydraulic fluid leakage

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection mechanism simplicityVSAvoidlong-term operational reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the hydraulic pressure chamber system with a magnetic sensor system. This substitution eliminates the need for hydraulic fluid and sealing mechanisms, thereby removing the leakage problem entirely. The Hall element and magnet provide a contactless, maintenance-free detection method that maintains simplicity while dramatically improving long-term reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

4Reliability

If additional seal structures are added to maintain hydraulic pressure chamber liquid tightness, then reliability improves, but device complexity and manufacturing cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvehydraulic pressure chamber sealing reliabilityVSAvoidseal structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts and removes the hydraulic pressure chamber and its associated sealing structures from the system. By replacing the hydraulic detection mechanism with a magnetic sensor system, the patent eliminates the source of leakage problems and the need for complex seal structures, achieving reliability improvement through simplification rather than added complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent substitutes the hydraulic mechanical system with a magnetic field-based detection system. This replacement removes the need for liquid-tight sealing and complex pressure chamber structures, achieving high reliability through a fundamentally different detection approach that is inherently leak-free.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The magnetic load sensor unit achieves high accuracy in detecting axial loads with reduced temperature influence and enhanced reliability, eliminating the need for complex seal structures and expensive components, thus improving the overall performance and longevity of the electric brake system.

Implementation Method 1

a magnetic sensor configured such that a position of the magnetic sensor relative to the magnetic target changes corresponding to the axial load

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHall Effect: Hall Effect

Data Source

PatentEP2738532B1Magnetic load sensor for use in a linear motion actuator, and a linear motion actuator
Publication Date: 2018.07.11 NTN CORP
  • EP2738532B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2738532B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP2738532B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

A magnetic load sensor unit (1) is provided which can detect the magnitude of an axial load applied by a linear motion actuator (14) to a friction pad (22). The magnetic load sensor unit (1) includes a magnetic target (4) which generates a magnetic field, and a magnetic sensor (5) designed to move relative to the magnetic target (4) corresponding to the axial load.