Magnetic Pigment Coercivity Testing by Partial Counter-Magnetization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for checking the coercive field strength of magnetic pigments in security documents require elaborate and destructive equipment, limiting the range of measurable values and being inefficient.
Innovation Solution
A method and apparatus using a magnetizing device with a permanent magnet and a measuring device to magnetize and counter-magnetize magnetic pigments, measuring remanence and partial counter-magnetization at varying distances to determine coercive field strength, allowing for a wide range of measurements without destruction.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If elaborate coercimeters with electromagnets are used to check coercive field strength, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity increases and the item to be checked must be destroyed
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the essential measurement function from complex electromagnet-based coercimeters by using only a permanent magnet to provide a static magnetic field. The measuring device detects magnetization values without requiring elaborate electromagnet systems, thereby simplifying the device while maintaining measurement capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces expensive, complex electromagnet-based measurement systems with a simple permanent magnet and measuring device combination. This simpler system, while less elaborate, achieves the necessary measurement function without requiring destruction of the item being tested.
2Device complexity
If apparatuses with limited values ranges are used, then device complexity is reduced, but measurement precision and adaptability worsen
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces dynamic adjustment capability by allowing the distance between the permanent magnet and the magnetic pigment to be varied. By changing this distance, the magnetic field strength can be adjusted to match different coercive field strength values, enabling measurement across a wide range without requiring multiple devices or complex electromagnet systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the physical parameter of distance between the magnet and magnetic pigment to adjust the magnetic field strength. This simple parameter change enables the measurement of different coercive field strength values using the same apparatus, thereby achieving wide adaptability without increasing device complexity.
3Measurement precision
If destructive measurement methods are used, then measurement precision is improved, but loss of substance increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent enables the magnetic pigment to serve itself by utilizing its own magnetic properties to indicate its coercive field strength. The magnetic pigment responds to the static magnetic field by exhibiting magnetization behavior that reveals its coercive field strength, eliminating the need for destructive testing while maintaining measurement accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces destructive mechanical or thermal testing methods with a magnetic field-based measurement system. The static magnetic field from the permanent magnet interacts with the magnetic pigment's magnetic moments, providing a non-destructive way to measure coercive field strength by detecting magnetization values.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables a simple, non-destructive, and accurate assessment of coercive field strength across a broad range, facilitating efficient quality control and authenticity verification of security documents.
Implementation Method 1
providing a magnetizing device with at least one magnet, preferably at least one permanent magnet which provides a static magnetic field for magnetizing the magnetic pigments
Implementation Method 2
magnetizing the areal sample by the static magnetic field of the magnet of the magnetizing device or by a static magnetic field of another magnetizing device in such a way that the magnetic pigments of the areal sample are magnetized in a magnetizing direction until the saturation of their magnetization
Implementation Method 3
measuring the remanence of the magnetization of the magnetized magnetic pigments after their magnetization with a measuring device
Implementation Method 4
first partial counter-magnetization of the magnetic pigments by the static magnetic field of the magnet of the magnetizing device in such a way that the magnetic pigments are partially counter-magnetized by the static magnetic field
Implementation Method 5
for the first partial counter-magnetization the areal sample and the magnet are moved relative to each other toward each other until the magnetic pigments are positioned at a first magnetization distance from the magnet in the static magnetic field, at which the static magnetic field has a first magnetization field strength
Data Source
AI summary
A method for checking the coercive field strength of magnetic pigments of an areal sample which are contained in a magnetic region of the areal sample includes: after a magnetization of the areal sample until saturation, a first partial counter-magnetization of the magnetic pigments out by a magnetizing device, and a first measurement of a first magnetization value of the partially counter-magnetized magnetic pigments are carried out. The measured magnetization values are transmitted from the measuring device to a checking device. The checking device checks the magnetization values of the partially counter-magnetized magnetic pigments for ascertaining a check result that relates to the coercive field strength of the magnetic pigments and transmits the check result relating to the coercive field strength to an output device connected to the checking device.