Magnetic Ring Coupling for Portable Chest Compression Oscillation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing chest compression devices for patients with cystic fibrosis and COPD are large, non-portable, and limited in frequency range, requiring a separate base station and airflow for operation, which restricts portability and adaptability of pressure pulse profiles.
Innovation Solution
A compact apparatus using concentric magnetic or ferromagnetic rings to convert continuous rotary motion into reciprocating rotary motion, allowing for a lightweight, portable chest compression device that can operate at higher frequencies and adjust torque levels, incorporating a drive motor and output shaft with adjustable magnetic coupling to prevent unidirectional rotation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Weight of moving object
If conventional chest compression devices are used, then compression function is provided, but device size is large and portability is poor
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces complex mechanical compression mechanisms with a magnetic coupling system. The drive motor rotates the input shaft which magnetically couples to the output shaft through concentric magnetic rings, eliminating the need for mechanical linkages, belts, or gears. This substitution dramatically reduces device size and weight while maintaining compression functionality.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a nested concentric ring structure where the input shaft with its magnetic ring is positioned inside the output shaft with its magnetic ring. This nested arrangement minimizes the radial space required, allowing the device to be compact and portable while still providing effective chest compression.
2Speed
If conventional chest compression devices are used, then compression is provided, but frequency range is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The magnetic coupling system allows dynamic adjustment of torque and frequency characteristics. By varying the magnetic ring configurations, pole counts, and axial spacing, the device can adapt to different operating frequencies and pressure pulse profiles, providing versatility across various clinical requirements.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent enables parameter changes by adjusting the magnetic coupling characteristics. Different numbers of magnetic poles, varying axial distances between rings, and different magnet strengths allow the system to operate across a wide frequency range and generate different pressure pulse profiles, enhancing adaptability.
3Force
If magnetic rings are closely spaced to increase torque, then torque level increases, but magnetic attraction becomes too strong preventing rotation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies partial magnetic coupling where only portions of the magnetic rings face each other at any given moment. The segmented magnetic pole arrangement ensures that while strong magnetic forces are generated for torque, there are always gaps where rotation can occur, preventing complete magnetic locking.
Solution Approach 2:
The magnetic rings are divided into multiple magnetic poles around their circumferences. This segmentation creates discrete magnetic interaction zones rather than continuous attraction, allowing the output shaft to rotate between the magnetic zones while still experiencing strong torque during the interaction zones.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The apparatus enables a portable, energy-efficient chest compression device capable of operating at a wider range of frequencies with adjustable pressure pulse profiles, effectively loosening mucus and improving patient care by providing a compact, direct-on-chest solution.
Implementation Method 1
at least one of the first and second rings comprises an annular sequence of permanent magnetic elements
Implementation Method 2
The alignment between two magnet or ferromagnetic rings varies as the input and output shafts adopt different relative angular positions. In this way, a resisting force is dependent on the relative angular orientation.
Data Source
AI summary
An apparatus for generating a rotary reciprocating motion comprises an input shaft which is driven with unidirectional rotation and an output shaft for delivering reciprocating rotary motion. A first magnetic or ferromagnetic ring is disposed about a rotation axis fixed to the input shaft and a second magnetic or ferromagnetic ring is disposed about the rotation axis fixed to the output shaft. At least one is formed as an arrangement of permanent magnets. The first and second rings are disposed one within the other around the rotation axis. The magnetic coupling between the rings in combination with the effect of an output load results in the desired reciprocating motion of the output shaft.