Single-Element Magnetic Sensor for 3D Field Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing magnetic sensors require multiple elements arranged three-dimensionally to detect magnetic field vectors, limiting miniaturization and increasing power consumption.
Innovation Solution
A magnetic sensor utilizing a single magnetic body with current application means, detection unit, and analysis means to measure resistance values due to anomalous Hall, anisotropic magnetoresistance, and unidirectional magnetoresistance effects to detect a three-dimensional magnetic field.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If multiple magnetic sensor elements are arranged three-dimensionally to detect magnetic field vectors, then three-dimensional magnetic field detection capability is achieved, but sensor size increases and power consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple magnetic detection functions (X, Y, Z component detection) into a single magnetic sensor element. By utilizing the anomalous Hall effect and unidirectional magnetoresistance effect simultaneously in one element, the sensor can detect magnetic field vectors in three directions without requiring multiple separate elements, thus reducing sensor size while maintaining three-dimensional detection capability
Solution Approach 2:
The single magnetic sensor element is designed to perform multiple detection functions. By measuring different resistance values corresponding to different magnetoresistance effects (anomalous Hall effect for Z-component, unidirectional magnetoresistance for in-plane components), one element achieves what traditionally required multiple specialized elements, enabling universal three-dimensional magnetic field detection
2Adaptability or versatility
If multiple magnetic sensor elements are arranged three-dimensionally to detect magnetic field vectors, then three-dimensional magnetic field detection capability is achieved, but power consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple detection functions into a single active element, meaning only one element needs to be powered and controlled. This eliminates the power consumption associated with multiple independent elements and their respective readout circuits, significantly reducing total power consumption while maintaining full three-dimensional detection capability
Solution Approach 2:
The single magnetic sensor element is designed to perform multiple detection functions. By measuring different resistance values corresponding to different magnetoresistance effects (anomalous Hall effect for Z-component, unidirectional magnetoresistance for in-plane components), one element achieves what traditionally required multiple specialized elements, enabling universal three-dimensional magnetic field detection
3Volume of moving object
If a single magnetic body is used to detect three-dimensional magnetic fields, then sensor size is reduced and power consumption is reduced, but measurement precision may be compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent utilizes changes in resistance parameters of a single magnetic body under different magnetoresistance effects. By measuring multiple resistance values (anomalous Hall resistance and unidirectional magnetoresistance) from the same element and using mathematical processing to extract magnetic field vector components, the system achieves precise three-dimensional detection without sacrificing accuracy despite using a single element
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables smaller sensor size and reduced power consumption by using a single magnetic body to accurately determine three-dimensional magnetic fields without multiple elements.
Implementation Method 1
measure, when the current is applied by the current application means, a resistance value due to an anomalous Hall effect in the magnetic body
Implementation Method 2
measure, when the current is applied by the current application means, a resistance value due to a unidirectional magnetoresistance effect in the magnetic body
Implementation Method 3
the resistance value due to the anisotropic magnetoresistance effect in the magnetic body is also preferably measured by the detection unit
Data Source
AI summary
A magnetic sensor that can be made smaller, and a magnetic sensor and a magnetic detection method that can reduce power consumption. A current application means applies an alternating current with a frequency ω to a magnetic body. A detection unit finds, when the current is applied by the current application means, a resistance value due to an anomalous Hall effect in the magnetic body from a change in voltage at the frequency ω in a direction perpendicular to a direction in which the alternating current flows and a resistance value due to a unidirectional magnetoresistance effect in the magnetic body from a change in voltage at a frequency 2ω in a direction parallel to the direction in which the alternating current flows. An analysis means can detect a three-dimensional magnetic field based on each resistance values found by the detection unit.