Magnetic Field Sensor Using Current Spinning Phase Sequences

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Solution Overview

Problem

Magnetic field sensors face challenges in providing high angular accuracy and speed, particularly in applications where the angle of the magnetic field is rapidly changing, due to errors associated with temperature variations and mechanical stress.

Innovation Solution

The method involves using a plurality of magnetic field sensing elements configured to generate x-y output signals, with sequential selection and current spinning phases to produce a sequenced-chopped signal representative of the magnetic field angle, employing randomly or pseudo-randomly selected phase sequences to reduce angular errors.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If conventional magnetic field sensing elements are used, then the device structure is simple, but the angular accuracy deteriorates due to temperature variations and mechanical stress errors

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveangular accuracyVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The magnetic field sensor is divided into multiple sensing elements (first, second, third, and fourth elements) arranged in a segmented configuration. Each element contributes to measuring different components of the magnetic field, allowing for more accurate angle determination through combination of multiple measurements rather than relying on a single sensing element.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements periodic switching between different sensing elements using switch networks. The first and second sensing elements are switched periodically to generate first and second output signals, while the third and fourth elements are switched periodically to generate third and fourth output signals. This periodic action enables temporal multiplexing of the sensing elements, improving measurement accuracy through sequential sampling while managing device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

2Speed

If the magnetic field angle changes rapidly, then the application requires high speed response, but the angular accuracy deteriorates due to dynamic errors

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveresponse speedVSAvoidangular accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The periodic switching between sensing elements is designed with specific timing to capture rapid changes in magnetic field angle. By switching elements at optimized intervals, the system can track fast-changing angles while maintaining accuracy through the periodic sampling and combination of signals from multiple elements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent combines output signals from multiple sensing elements through a processing network that effectively cancels dynamic errors. The feedback mechanism involves using the differential signals from the segmented elements to compensate for each other's errors, particularly eliminating third-order harmonic errors that occur during rapid angle changes.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

3Measurement precision

If temperature variations occur, then environmental conditions change, but the angular accuracy deteriorates due to temperature-induced errors

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveangular accuracyVSAvoidtemperature stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The segmented configuration of four sensing elements allows for differential measurement techniques that cancel temperature-induced errors. By measuring with multiple elements and combining their outputs, the system can distinguish between actual magnetic field changes and temperature drift effects.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The signal processing network implements error cancellation that accounts for temperature variations. The combined output signals from the switched sensing elements create a feedback mechanism that compensates for temperature-induced offsets and drift, maintaining angular accuracy across varying thermal conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

4Measurement precision

If mechanical stress is applied, then the sensing element experiences stress, but the angular accuracy deteriorates due to stress-induced errors

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveangular accuracyVSAvoidmechanical stress
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSStress or pressure

Solution Approach 1:

The use of multiple segmented sensing elements allows for spatial distribution of stress effects. By combining measurements from elements at different positions, the system can cancel out stress-induced errors that affect individual elements differently, maintaining overall measurement accuracy under mechanical load.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach significantly enhances the angular accuracy and speed of magnetic field sensor outputs, effectively mitigating errors caused by temperature and mechanical factors, thereby improving the performance in dynamic applications.

Implementation Method 1

A first vertical Hall element can be provided having a first output signal responsive to a magnetic field in an x-y plane

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHall effect: Hall Effect

Data Source

PatentEP2954342B1Magnetic field sensor and related techniques that provide varying current spinning phase sequences of a magnetic field sensing element
Publication Date: 2024.08.07 ALLEGRO MICROSYSTEMS LLC
  • EP2954342B1 patent drawingFigure 1~1A
  • EP2954342B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2954342B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A magnetic field sensor can use a variety of different current spinning phase sequences in order to suppress repetitive noise and to reduce errors of the magnetic field sensor. An associated method is described.