Magnetic Field Sensor State Processor Reduces Chatter

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional magnetic field sensors struggle to accurately distinguish between rotational and vibrational movements, leading to inaccurate calibration and edge placement in output signals, particularly due to similarities in magnetic field signals generated during normal operation and vibration, which can result in misinterpretation of system operations, such as in automobile antilock brake systems.

Innovation Solution

A motion sensor with improved edge placement and directional accuracy is achieved through the use of two state processors, a vibration processor, automatic offset adjust, and automatic gain control, which process magnetic field signals to differentiate between rotational and vibrational movements, ensuring accurate calibration and reducing state chatter.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If conventional magnetic field sensors use threshold detectors or peak detectors to process magnetic field signals, then the sensor can detect rotational movements, but the sensor cannot accurately distinguish between rotational and vibrational movements, leading to state chatter and inaccurate calibration

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveability to distinguish rotational from vibrational movementsVSAvoidaccuracy of calibration and edge placement
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the magnetic field sensing into multiple independent sensing elements arranged in a specific geometry (e.g., orthogonal arrangements). Each sensing element detects magnetic field components along different axes. By segmenting the detection function across multiple elements and processing their outputs differently, the system can distinguish between rotational patterns (affecting all elements systematically) and vibrational patterns (affecting elements differently), thereby resolving the contradiction between detection capability and measurement precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Measurement precision

If the sensor closely spaces states to improve positional knowledge, then the accuracy of rotational angle detection is improved, but state chatter increases leading to misinterpretation of system operations

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepositional knowledge accuracyVSAvoidstate chatter causing misinterpretation
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of information

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces an intermediary processing stage between the magnetic field sensing elements and the state output. This intermediary includes differential processing that compares outputs from multiple sensing elements, and validation logic that checks for consistent rotational patterns before generating state transitions. This intermediary filtering mechanism allows closely spaced states to be used for high positional precision while preventing state chatter from causing misinterpretation, as the intermediary validates that each state transition represents a genuine rotational event rather than vibration noise.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Productivity

If the sensor uses automatic offset adjust and gain control to improve calibration speed, then the productivity is improved, but the complexity of the device increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecalibration speedVSAvoidnumber of processing components
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements self-service calibration through automatic offset adjust and gain control circuits that autonomously calibrate the sensor system without external intervention. These circuits continuously monitor the magnetic field signals and automatically adjust offset levels and gain parameters to optimize performance. This self-service approach enables rapid calibration (improving productivity) while the integration of these functions into compact circuitry minimizes the increase in device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution provides enhanced accuracy in positional knowledge of rotating objects by closely spacing states and reducing state chatter, enabling rapid and accurate calibration, thus improving the reliability of systems that rely on precise rotational angle detection.

Implementation Method 1

The magnetic field associated with the rotating object is detected by a magnetic field sensing element, such as a Hall element or a magnetoresistance element

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHall effect: Hall Effect

Implementation Method 2

The magnetic field associated with the rotating object is detected by a magnetic field sensing element, such as a Hall element or a magnetoresistance element

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMagnetoresistance: Magnetoresistance

Data Source

PatentEP2749888B1Magnetic field sensor, method, and computer-readable storage medium providing a magnetic field sensor with a state processor having a reduced amount of state chatter
Publication Date: 2023.11.08 ALLEGRO MICROSYSTEMS LLC
  • EP2749888B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2749888B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2749888B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A magnetic field sensor has a state processor to identify states associated with a magnetic field signal provided by a magnetic field sensing element. The state processor includes a state peak logic module configured to generate states that have a reduced amount of state chatter.