Magnetically Latching Two-Position Actuator for Vehicle Drive Mode Switching
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current clutched devices require improved actuators for linear motion to efficiently switch between drive modes, such as two-wheel and all-wheel drive, and to disconnect suspension components, as existing technologies like hydraulic rams and solenoids are not optimal for these applications.
Innovation Solution
A magnetically latching two-position actuator is developed, comprising a housing, core assembly, first and second electromagnets, and a central pole piece, allowing axial movement between two positions using magnetic forces generated by the electromagnets and a permanent magnet, enabling efficient switching between drive modes without continuous power.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If hydraulic rams or solenoids are used for linear motion in clutched devices, then linear motion can be achieved, but power consumption is high and continuous energization is required
Solution Approach 1:
The actuator uses periodic electromagnetic pulses to transition between positions, then relies on magnetic latching to maintain position without continuous power. The electromagnets are energized only during position transitions, not continuously, reducing power consumption while maintaining reliability through the latching mechanism that holds position without power.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces traditional hydraulic or continuously-powered solenoid systems with a magnetically-latched electromagnetic system. This substitution uses magnetic fields and permanent magnets to create a latching mechanism that eliminates the need for continuous hydraulic pressure or electrical power to maintain position, thereby reducing power consumption while ensuring reliable position holding.
2Use of energy by stationary object
If traditional solenoids are used, then linear motion can be achieved, but continuous power is required to maintain position
Solution Approach 1:
The magnetic latching mechanism is self-sustaining once activated. The permanent magnets and electromagnetic fields work together to automatically hold the core assembly in either position without requiring external power input. The system serves itself by using the magnetic fields already present to maintain position, eliminating continuous power requirements while improving switching efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
Power is applied periodically only during position transitions rather than continuously. The electromagnets receive power in brief pulses to initiate movement, then the magnetic latching takes over to maintain position. This periodic action reduces continuous power requirements while maintaining ease of operation through efficient position switching.
3Force
If hydraulic rams are used for linear motion, then sufficient force can be generated, but system complexity and power consumption increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces complex hydraulic systems with a more compact electromagnetic system. The electromagnetic actuators generate sufficient linear force through magnetic attraction and repulsion between the electromagnets and permanent magnets, eliminating the need for hydraulic fluid, pumps, and associated components, thereby reducing system complexity while maintaining adequate force generation.
Solution Approach 2:
The actuator merges the force generation and position holding functions into a single integrated electromagnetic system. The electromagnets and permanent magnets work together in combination to provide both the force for movement and the latching for position maintenance, eliminating the need for separate hydraulic systems and reducing overall device complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The actuator effectively transitions between drive modes and disconnects suspension components with reduced power consumption, maintaining positions without continuous energization, enhancing the efficiency and reliability of clutched devices in vehicles.
Implementation Method 1
allowing axial movement between two positions using magnetic forces generated by the electromagnets and a permanent magnet
Implementation Method 2
magnetically latching two position actuator... maintaining positions without continuous energization
Data Source
AI summary
An actuator can include a housing, core assembly, and first and second electromagnets. The housing can have a first pole piece, second pole piece, and central pole piece disposed between the first and second pole pieces. The central pole piece can have a central body and a bridge. The bridge can be between the first and second pole pieces and axially movable relative thereto. The core assembly can be received in the housing. The core assembly can be movable along a first axis between a first core position and a second core position. The core assembly can include a permanent magnet, a first core, and a second core. The first and second cores can be coupled to the permanent magnet for common axial movement. The first and second electromagnets can be spaced axially apart by the central body and can have opposite polarities.