Mains Frequency Calibration in Digital Control Systems

The patent applies preliminary action by performing calibration of the measurement means before actual use. A calibration factor is determined in advance by comparing measurements from the appliance's measurement means with those from a reference instrument, and this calibration factor is stored for later use. This allows low-precision hardware to achieve high measurement accuracy through pre-computed correction values, resolving the contradiction between measurement precision and manufacturing cost.

The patent changes the parameter of the measurement system by introducing a calibration factor that transforms readings from low-precision measurement means into accurate frequency values. Instead of relying on expensive high-precision hardware, the system modifies the measurement parameter through mathematical correction (multiplication by calibration factor), achieving accurate frequency measurement while using inexpensive components.

The patent applies self-service by enabling individual electrical appliances to autonomously measure mains frequency and adjust their own power consumption accordingly. Each appliance independently detects frequency deviations and modulates its demand without requiring complex centralized control infrastructure. This distributed self-regulation approach improves energy distribution efficiency while keeping individual device complexity manageable.

The patent implements feedback by continuously monitoring mains frequency and using it as a signal to adjust power demand. The control system measures frequency, compares it with nominal values, and automatically modifies appliance operation in response to frequency deviations. This closed-loop feedback mechanism enables dynamic demand control that balances energy supply and demand while maintaining relatively simple device architecture.