Maleic Hydrazide Black Grass Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current herbicides are ineffective against black grass (Alopecurus myosuroides) due to widespread resistance, leading to significant yield losses and economic costs, with a need for a non-chemical method that minimizes seed return and does not harm desirable plants.
Innovation Solution
The use of maleic hydrazide, applied as a herbicide or in combination with adjuvants or other herbicides, to control black grass by targeting seed germination and growth, particularly at the two-leaf stage or tillering stage, reducing seed proliferation and biomass.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional herbicides are used to control black grass, then weed control is attempted, but herbicide resistance is widespread and control reliability is poor
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical parameter by introducing maleic hydrazide, a herbicide from a different chemical class (pyridazinedione) compared to conventional graminicides. This parameter change in herbicide chemistry enables effective control of black grass populations that have developed resistance to traditional herbicides, thereby improving control reliability while addressing the herbicide resistance issue.
2Productivity
If chemical herbicides are applied to control black grass, then weed proliferation is reduced, but economic costs and environmental impact increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical parameter by using maleic hydrazide, which has different mode of action and lower economic cost compared to conventional herbicides. This parameter change enables effective black grass control at lower costs, improving crop yield protection while reducing the economic burden of herbicide applications.
3Object-generated harmful factors
If maleic hydrazide is applied to control black grass, then weed vigor and seed production are reduced, but phytotoxicity to desirable plants must be managed
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by selecting specific application timings (pre-emergence at seed germination stage, post-emergence at two-leaf or tillering stage) and dosing rates (0.1-20 kg/ha) that target black grass specifically while minimizing harm to desirable crops. This localized application strategy at critical growth stages achieves effective weed control while managing phytotoxicity risks.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies preliminary action by recommending pre-emergence application at the seed germination stage, which prevents black grass establishment before it can cause significant harm to crops. This timely intervention reduces the need for higher doses and minimizes phytotoxicity risks to desirable plants while effectively controlling weed vigor.
4Quantity of substance
If black grass is left uncontrolled, then seed return increases and population grows, but long-term control requires year-round management
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by emphasizing pre-emergence application at the seed germination stage, which prevents black grass seedling establishment and reduces seed return to soil. This timely intervention addresses the root cause of population growth, making long-term control more effective and reducing the duration of intensive management required.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies continuity of useful action by recommending multiple application timings (pre-emergence and post-emergence) and integrating maleic hydrazide with other herbicides in a coordinated program. This continuous and multi-faceted approach ensures sustained control of black grass populations, preventing seed return and maintaining low weed pressure year-round.
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to a method for controlling black grass. The present disclosure particularly relates to a method for controlling black grass in crops at the post-emergent of said weeds. The present disclosure provides an efficient method of control of black grass weed, including resistant black grass weeds and a significant reduction in the black grass seed count and weed biomass.