Manganese Oxide Deodorizing Catalyst Low-Temperature Decomposition
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current deodorizing catalysts are ineffective at low temperatures and have high production costs or require high decomposition temperatures, limiting their application in decomposing malodorous substances like ammonia and sulfur compounds.
Innovation Solution
A deodorizing catalyst comprising manganese oxide with specific characteristics, including a particular ratio of Mn3+ to Mn4+ oxidation states and a specific surface area, which allows for effective decomposition of malodorous substances at temperatures of 100° C. or less, with optional inclusion of alkali metal cations and metal particles like gold or silver.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional catalysts (platinum-group elements or high-temperature manganese oxide) are used, then decomposition of malodorous substances can be achieved, but the production cost increases or the required temperature becomes too high for practical applications
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the oxidation state parameters of manganese oxide from conventional Mn4+ to a specific ratio of Mn3+/Mn4+ (0 < Mn3+/Mn4+ ≤ 0.90), which fundamentally alters the catalytic properties to enable low-temperature activity while using inexpensive manganese-based materials instead of costly platinum-group metals
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces expensive platinum-group element catalysts with inexpensive manganese oxide that can be easily manufactured, accepting that the manganese oxide may require periodic replacement while significantly reducing production costs
2Reliability
If high-temperature catalysts (such as the manganese oxide in Patent Literature 2) are used, then decomposition of ammonia can be achieved, but the decomposition temperature is too high (350°C) for practical deodorization applications
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the oxidation state composition parameter by controlling the Mn3+/Mn4+ ratio to be ≤ 0.90, which lowers the activation energy for ammonia decomposition and enables effective catalysis at temperatures of 100°C or below, making the process suitable for practical deodorization applications
3Reliability
If adsorbents such as activated carbon are used, then malodorous substances can be removed, but the adsorption capacity has upper limits and the adsorbents need periodic replacement
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the physical adsorption mechanism with a chemical decomposition mechanism using manganese oxide catalyst. Instead of adsorbing malodorous substances on the surface (which has capacity limits), the catalyst chemically decomposes the substances into harmless products, enabling continuous operation without saturation
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes the oxidizing properties of Mn4+ and the redox cycling between Mn3+ and Mn4+ to accelerate the decomposition of malodorous substances through oxidation reactions, converting them into harmless substances like N2, CO2, and H2O, thereby eliminating the need for periodic replacement
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The catalyst efficiently decomposes malodorous substances such as ammonia and sulfur compounds at low temperatures while minimizing the production of harmful by-products, enhancing nitrogen selectivity and maintaining stability in high humidity environments.
Implementation Method 1
a deodorizing catalyst for decomposing a malodorous substance, comprising: manganese oxide wherein the manganese oxide satisfies the following expression (1) and the following expression (2)... and the manganese oxide has a maximum intensity peak at a diffraction angle (2θ) of 37±1° in an X-ray diffraction pattern
Implementation Method 2
Methods for promoting the oxidation reaction using various catalysts for decomposition have been examined
Implementation Method 3
the manganese oxide has a maximum intensity peak at a diffraction angle (2θ) of 37±1° in an X-ray diffraction pattern
Data Source
AI summary
[Problem] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a deodorizing catalyst that can decompose a malodorous substance even at a low temperature of 100° C. or less.[Solution] A deodorizing catalyst for decomposing a malodorous substance, comprising: manganese oxide wherein the manganese oxide satisfies the following expression (1) and the following expression (2), and the manganese oxide has a maximum intensity peak at a diffraction angle (2θ) of 37±1° in an X-ray diffraction pattern:0<A≤0.90 . . . (1)0<B≤250 . . . (2)wherein, in the above-mentioned expression (1), A represents the content ratio of manganese having an oxidation number of 3 (Mn3+) to manganese having an oxidation number of 4 (Mn4+) (Mn3+/Mn4+) in the manganese oxide, and, in the above-mentioned expression (2), B represents a specific surface area of the manganese oxide (m2/g)