Portable Manual Pump for Hemopneumothorax Fluid Evacuation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional drainage systems for hemopneumothorax are cumbersome, bulky, and require continuous suction, which is often unavailable in emergency or field environments, and do not provide effective suction for removing blood and clots from the pleural space.
Innovation Solution
A manually operable pump that can be quickly employed to generate negative pressure for removing fluids, blood clots, and air from a body cavity, using one-way valves and adaptable for various conduits without the need for electricity or wall suction, allowing for effective fluid removal by manual operation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional drainage systems are used for hemopneumothorax, then continuous suction can be provided, but the systems are cumbersome, bulky, and difficult to manage during transport
Solution Approach 1:
The conventional continuous suction system is segmented into a portable manual pump component and a drainage system component. The manual pump can be detached and transported separately, allowing the drainage system to be managed more easily during patient transport while still providing suction capability when needed.
Solution Approach 2:
A manual pump is introduced as an intermediary device between the patient's pleural space and the drainage system. This manual pump can be activated intermittently to provide suction, serving as a bridge that maintains drainage functionality without requiring a continuous wall suction source, thereby improving portability and ease of management during transport.
2Reliability
If conventional drainage systems are used, then suction can be provided, but the equipment is bulky and not suitable for field conditions where continuous suction is unavailable
Solution Approach 1:
The system transitions from a static continuous suction requirement to a dynamic intermittent manual pumping approach. The manual pump can be activated as needed based on field conditions, allowing the system to adapt to environments where continuous suction is unavailable. This dynamic operation mode enables the drainage system to function effectively in both hospital and field settings.
Solution Approach 2:
The suction delivery mode changes from continuous to intermittent, and the pressure generation changes from wall suction to manual compression. These parameter changes allow the system to operate in field conditions where continuous suction infrastructure is unavailable, significantly improving adaptability to different operational environments.
3Ease of operation
If one-way valves are used in the manual pump, then fluid direction is controlled, but the pump requires manual activation for each pumping cycle
Solution Approach 1:
The manual pump operates through periodic compression cycles, where the operator compresses the pump chamber in a rhythmic fashion. This periodic action, combined with one-way valves, creates continuous unidirectional fluid flow. The rhythmic compression maintains adequate fluid removal rate while the one-way valves ensure proper direction control during each cycle.
Solution Approach 2:
The one-way valves ensure continuous unidirectional flow of fluid through the pump during each compression cycle, eliminating backflow and ensuring that each manual activation produces useful forward progress in fluid evacuation. This continuity of useful action maximizes the efficiency of each manual pumping stroke.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The pump effectively removes fluids and blood clots from the body cavity, generating sufficient negative pressure to facilitate lung re-expansion, even in austere conditions, and is adaptable for use with different medical devices, demonstrating improved performance compared to conventional methods.
Implementation Method 1
one-way valves that serve to direct the movement of fluid in only one direction when the pump is manually activated
Implementation Method 2
manually operable pump that can be quickly and easily employed under emergency or field conditions to remove fluids from a subject... generate negative pressure for removing fluids, blood clots, and air from a body cavity
Implementation Method 3
one-way valves of such sensitivity that the valves can effectively direct the movement of fluid in only one direction without manual activation and with the aid of gravity flow alone
Data Source
AI summary
A manually operable pump for the effective removal of fluids to include blood, blood clots, fluid, and air from a body cavity of a subject is provided. The manually operable pump is adapted to be connect to a range of fluid conduits and is equipped with one-way valves that effectively permit flow of fluid through the pump in only one direction. The sensitivity of the one-way valves is such that when properly positioned, fluid can flow through the valves and out of the pump without manual compression of the pump and with the aid of gravity power alone.