Electroanatomical Mapping System Spatial Gradient Outlier Correction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing electroanatomical mapping systems often produce anomalous LAT spikes, known as outliers, due to complex anatomical geometries, data point clustering, low-amplitude electrograms, and motion or mechanical artifacts, which can lead to incorrect LAT determinations and suboptimal diagnostic maps.
Innovation Solution
The method involves receiving an LAT data set with electrophysiology data points, computing spatial and temporal gradients, detecting spatial and temporal outliers, and correcting these outliers using algorithms such as LAT value dispersion or peak frequency dispersion, ultimately creating a corrected LAT map for improved visualization.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Area of stationary object
If electrophysiology data points are collected in complex anatomical geometries (e.g., left atrial appendage, ventricular apex), then the LAT map coverage is improved, but spatial outliers occur due to incorrect projections onto the surface
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the spatial analysis by introducing a spatial kernel centered at each EP data point, dividing the complex anatomical surface into localized regions for gradient computation. This allows accurate LAT determination in complex geometries by analyzing each point's neighborhood independently rather than projecting all points globally onto the surface.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an intermediary computational layer (spatial gradient over spatial kernel) between the raw EP data points and the final LAT map projection. This intermediary processing step detects and corrects spatial outliers before final visualization, resolving the contradiction between comprehensive coverage and measurement precision.
2Quantity of substance
If electrophysiology data points are clustered into duplicate sets, then data density is improved, but temporal outliers occur due to incorrect LAT selection
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements feedback through temporal gradient computation and outlier detection. The system computes temporal gradients for each EP data point, compares them against thresholds, and corrects temporal outliers by adjusting LAT values. This feedback loop ensures that high data density from clustered points does not compromise LAT selection accuracy.
3Loss of information
If complex electrograms with low amplitude, long, and fractionated potentials are analyzed, then diagnostic detail is improved, but LAT determination becomes challenging leading to outliers
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary action by computing spatial and temporal gradients before final LAT determination. This pre-processing step identifies and corrects potential outliers in complex electrograms before they contaminate the final LAT map, making it possible to extract diagnostic information from low-amplitude, fractionated potentials without introducing errors.
4Reliability
If cardiac and respiratory motion or mechanical artifacts are present during data collection, then physiological realism is improved, but spatial and temporal outliers occur due to artifacts
Solution Approach 1:
The patent converts the harmful effect of motion artifacts into a detectable signal by computing spatial and temporal gradients. These gradients amplify the signature of outliers caused by cardiac/respiratory motion or mechanical artifacts, allowing the system to identify and correct them while preserving the underlying physiological information.
Data Source
AI summary
An electroanatomical mapping system graphically represents local activation time (LAT) information contained in data set including a plurality of electrophysiology (EP) data points. The system computes a spatial gradient over a spatial kernel centered at an EP data point and a plurality of temporal gradients for the EP data points set. Using the gradients, the electroanatomical mapping system can detect spatial outlier EP data points and temporal outlier EP data points. These outlier EP data points can then be corrected prior to outputting a graphical representation of the LAT map on a model of a cardiac surface.