Low-Frequency Noise Attenuation in Marine Seismic Wavefields
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current marine seismic surveying techniques face challenges in accurately separating signal from low-frequency noise, which contaminates velocity models and reduces the resolution of subterranean formation images, particularly due to hydrostatic pressure variation, streamer vibration, swell, and tugging/strumming noise.
Innovation Solution
The processes and systems described attenuate low-frequency noise in continuously recorded seismic data using a method that deconvolves the total source wavefield from the upgoing pressure wavefield, allowing for high-resolution velocity models and clearer delineation of subsurface layers and reservoir boundaries without requiring time-consuming parameter adjustments.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional noise attenuation techniques are used, then low-frequency noise can be reduced to some extent, but the process is time-consuming and requires manual parameter adjustments
Solution Approach 1:
The system automatically identifies and attenuates low-frequency noise without requiring manual parameter adjustments. The noise attenuation process self-adjusts based on the seismic data characteristics, eliminating the need for user intervention in parameter selection and significantly reducing processing time while maintaining effective noise reduction
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies automated parameter changes in the noise attenuation process. By dynamically adjusting attenuation parameters based on the seismic data's frequency content and noise characteristics, the system achieves effective low-frequency noise reduction without manual tuning, resolving the time-consuming issue
2Device complexity
If low-frequency noise is not attenuated, then the processing process remains simple, but the resolution of subterranean formation images deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and removes low-frequency noise components from the seismic data through automated spectral analysis and attenuation. By separating the noise from the useful signal and eliminating it, the system improves image resolution without requiring overly complex processing procedures, achieving a balance between simplicity and precision
Solution Approach 2:
The system introduces an intermediary noise attenuation step that processes the seismic data between acquisition and final imaging. This intermediate processing layer removes low-frequency noise while preserving the overall simplicity of the workflow, as the attenuation is performed automatically without complicating the main processing steps
3Adaptability or versatility
If manual parameter adjustments are required for noise attenuation, then flexibility in noise reduction can be achieved, but the ease of operation deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The noise attenuation system operates autonomously by automatically analyzing seismic data characteristics and adjusting parameters as needed. This self-service approach maintains adaptability to different noise conditions while completely eliminating the need for user操作的 complexity, making the system both flexible and easy to operate
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements feedback mechanisms where the system continuously monitors the seismic data and adjusts attenuation parameters based on real-time analysis. This feedback loop provides adaptability to varying noise conditions while keeping the operation simple, as the system self-regulates without requiring user input or manual parameter changes
Data Source
AI summary
Processes and systems for imaging a subterranean formation using continuously recorded seismic data obtained during a marine seismic geophysical survey of the subterranean formation are described herein. The processes and systems compute upgoing pressure data at stationary-receiver locations, and low-frequency noise attenuation processes and systems are applied to the upgoing pressure wavefield data to obtain low-frequency noise attenuated upgoing pressure wavefield data. An image of the subterranean formation, or data indicative thereof, may be generated using the low-frequency noise attenuated upgoing pressure wavefield data at stationary-receiver locations.