M-Ary Telemetry Encoding for Downhole Pulse Rate Tradeoffs

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Solution Overview

Problem

MWD data transmission faces challenges with a tradeoff between data rate and pressure pulse magnitude, and varying signal-to-noise ratios due to different operating modes, as well as constraints on data packet size using conventional M-Ary encoding.

Innovation Solution

Implementing a system with a telemetry controller that adjusts pulse width and data rate through pulse overdrive and multi-baud rate encoding, utilizing machine learning models to optimize settings based on downhole and environmental conditions.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Stress or pressure

If pulse width is increased to increase pressure pulse magnitude, then pressure pulse magnitude is improved, but data rate deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvepressure pulse magnitudeVSAvoiddata rate

Core Design Contradiction:

Stress or pressureVSSpeed

Solution Approach 1:

The system dynamically adjusts the pulse width based on operating conditions and signal quality requirements. The telemetry controller can modify pulse width in real-time to optimize between signal magnitude and data rate, making the system adaptable rather than fixed.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the pulse width parameter to directly increase pressure pulse magnitude at the surface. By modifying this physical parameter, the system achieves stronger signal detection capability without changing the fundamental encoding scheme.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

2Speed

If pulse width is decreased to increase data rate, then data rate is improved, but pressure pulse magnitude deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvedata rateVSAvoidpressure pulse magnitude

Core Design Contradiction:

SpeedVSStress or pressure

Solution Approach 1:

Inventive Principle:

Principle #15Dynamics

3Device complexity

If conventional M-Ary encoding is used to constrain data packet size, then device complexity is reduced, but quantity of information deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveencoding scheme complexityVSAvoiddata packet information capacity

Core Design Contradiction:

Device complexityVSLoss of information

Solution Approach 1:

The invention modifies the data window parameter by dividing it into smaller time units. This parameter change allows more data to be packed into the same physical time window, increasing information capacity without requiring a completely new encoding scheme.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentUS12516603B2Enhanced M-ARY encoding telemetry

Publication Date: 2026.01.06 ERDOS MILLER INC

AI summary

In one embodiment, a telemetry controller may be configured to operate in any suitable combination of modes including pulse overdrive, multi-baud rate encoding, and/or high-resolution M-Ary encoding. Further, in some embodiments, an artificial intelligence engine may generate one or more machine learning models trained to operate in any of the combination of modes based on one or more parameters (e.g., condition of a downhole device, condition of a telemetry channel, condition of a well in which the downhole device is disposed, weather condition, condition of another system, or some combination thereof).