One-Step Mastoid Bone Regeneration with Porous Scaffold and Autologous Tissue
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Existing surgical treatments for chronic otitis media or otitis media cholesteatomatica, such as mastoidectomy, leave a void in the mastoid cavity that strains the middle ear and require filling with materials that may cause infection or fail to restore the cavity's original function.
Innovation Solution
A composition comprising a three-dimensional porous scaffold, preferably PCL, combined with adipose tissue and autologous plasma, is used to regenerate the mastoid bone in a one-step process, leveraging adipose-derived stem cells and growth factors for effective bone regeneration.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the mastoid cavity is filled with autologous bone powder or cartilage, then the space can be closed to prevent infection, but the material is insufficient to fill the space and fails to restore the original mastoid function
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a porous three-dimensional scaffold that mimics the natural porous structure of mastoid air cells. This porous structure allows for adequate filling of the mastoid cavity while enabling tissue ingrowth and regeneration, thus preventing infection while restoring original mastoid function. The scaffold's porosity is key to both filling the space sufficiently and enabling biological integration.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses a composite material system consisting of a three-dimensional scaffold combined with adipose tissue and autologous plasma. This composite approach provides sufficient filling material volume while the biological components (adipose tissue and plasma) promote regeneration of functional mastoid bone, thereby preventing infection and restoring original function simultaneously.
2Quantity of substance
If synthetic bone material is used to fill the mastoid cavity, then the space can be adequately filled, but the material is external and may cause infection
Solution Approach 1:
The patent utilizes the patient's own adipose tissue and plasma (autologous materials) rather than external synthetic bone materials. These self-derived materials eliminate the risk of external material infection while providing sufficient filling volume. The adipose tissue and plasma work together to promote regeneration of functional mastoid bone, achieving both adequate filling and infection prevention through the body's own resources.
3Adaptability or versatility
If the mastoid cavity is left open to maintain gas function, then the original physiological function is preserved, but the space puts strain on the middle ear cavity
Solution Approach 1:
The porous three-dimensional scaffold replicates the natural porous structure of mastoid air cells, allowing the regenerated tissue to perform gas buffer functions while providing structural support. This eliminates middle ear strain by restoring the mastoid's load-bearing capacity, while the porous structure maintains gas exchange capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The composite of scaffold with adipose tissue and plasma promotes regeneration of functional mastoid bone that can simultaneously bear load (reducing middle ear strain) and maintain porosity for gas function, thus resolving the contradiction between structural support and physiological function.
4Reliability
If PCL scaffold alone is implanted into the surgical site, then the space can be filled with a biocompatible material, but mastoid bone regeneration does not occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a composite material system where the PCL three-dimensional scaffold serves as the structural base, and adipose tissue with autologous plasma is added to provide biological activity. The adipose tissue contains stem cells and growth factors that promote bone regeneration, while the PCL scaffold provides biocompatible structural support. This composite approach enables both biocompatibility and active bone regeneration.
Solution Approach 2:
The adipose tissue and plasma act as intermediaries between the inert PCL scaffold and the bone regeneration process. They provide the necessary biological signals, growth factors, and stem cells that activate bone formation, bridging the gap between the biocompatible but biologically inactive scaffold and the desired regenerative outcome.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The composition effectively regenerates mastoid bone, reducing postoperative discomfort and the risk of recurrence by restoring the mastoid cavity's original function and structure, thus improving patient comfort and surgical outcomes.
Implementation Method 1
the inventors of the present invention have confirmed that when the adipose tissue removed during mastoidotomy is re-implanted into a three-dimensional scaffold, the lost mastoid bone is effectively regenerated
Implementation Method 2
A three-dimensional porous scaffold, preferably PCL, combined with adipose tissue and autologous plasma, is used to regenerate the mastoid bone
Implementation Method 3
leveraging adipose-derived stem cells and growth factors for effective bone regeneration
Data Source
AI summary
A composition for regenerating the mastoid bone based on in vivo one-step stem cell differentiation is disclosed. The composition contains a three-dimensional porous scaffold and adipose tissues as active ingredients. The three-dimensional porous scaffold, adipose-derived cells, and plasma have the effect of significantly increasing bone regeneration for mastoid bone defects. The adipose tissues and whole plasma obtained as by-products during mastoid surgery are used for bone regeneration, and, thus, an effect of regenerating mastoid bone can be conveniently achieved in a one-step manner upon the surgery.