Matrix Sensor Time Coding Bus Access Priority Logic

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Solution Overview

Problem

Time-coded image sensors face challenges with high energy consumption and hardware complexity due to arbitration mechanisms needed to manage pixel collisions during asynchronous reading, which can degrade image quality.

Innovation Solution

Implementing a system with fixed priorities and a mechanism for counting reinitializations to avoid information loss during conflicts, where detection elements have different bus access priority levels and logic circuits manage bus access attempts and reset operations.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If an arbitration mechanism (such as AER protocol) is used to manage pixel collisions during asynchronous reading, then collision resolution is improved, but device complexity and power consumption increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecollision resolutionVSAvoidhardware complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the arbitration function from a complex centralized controller and distributes it to individual pixel circuits through simple priority logic and request/acknowledge signals. Each pixel circuit independently manages bus access based on its priority level, eliminating the need for a complex global arbiter while maintaining collision resolution.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The arbitration mechanism is segmented into multiple independent pixel circuits, each with its own priority logic and bus access control. Instead of a single centralized arbiter, multiple simple segments work in parallel, reducing overall system complexity while maintaining reliable collision resolution through distributed decision-making.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Reliability

If an arbitration mechanism is used to manage pixel collisions, then collision resolution is improved, but power consumption increases significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecollision resolutionVSAvoidpower consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent removes the power-intensive centralized arbiter and replaces it with low-power distributed priority logic in each pixel circuit. The simplified request/acknowledge mechanism consumes minimal energy compared to full arbitration protocols, directly reducing overall system power consumption while maintaining collision resolution capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The system dynamically adjusts bus access based on real-time priority levels and collision detection, allowing only necessary arbitration actions to occur. This dynamic approach prevents continuous high-power arbitration operations, reducing average power consumption while maintaining reliable collision resolution when needed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Device complexity

If fixed priorities with reset counting mechanism are used instead of arbitration, then energy consumption and hardware complexity are reduced, but information loss may occur during conflicts

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvehardware complexityVSAvoidinformation loss
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSLoss of information

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a feedback mechanism where pixels receive acknowledgment signals from the bus controller, allowing them to detect when their address transmission was successful or blocked. This feedback enables the reset counting mechanism to accurately track conflicts and determine when information loss occurred, allowing for proper error handling without complex arbitration logic.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The system performs preliminary actions by pre-establishing fixed priority levels for all pixels before operation begins. This preliminary ordering eliminates the need for real-time arbitration decisions, reducing complexity while the reset counting mechanism provides a pre-planned method for handling conflicts that prevents information loss through systematic retry protocols.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Data Source

PatentEP3386191B1Array sensor with time coding without arbitration
Publication Date: 2019.07.31 COMMISSARIAT A LENERGIE ATOMIQUE ET AUX ENERGIES ALTERNATIVES
  • EP3386191B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2a
  • EP3386191B1 patent drawingFigure 2b~2d
  • EP3386191B1 patent drawingFigure 3~5e

AI summary

Matrix sensor comprising a matrix of sensing elements (PX) arranged by rows and columns and a readout circuit for each column, the elements of the same column being connected to the corresponding readout circuit via a bus (B), each element comprising a sensor (PHD), a charge integrator (INT) configured to accumulate charges generated by the sensor, a comparator (CMP) configured to generate a trigger signal (FL) when a voltage level (V) across the latter reaches a threshold level, and a bus access logic circuit (CLA) configured to receive said trigger signal as input and attempt to transmit on said bus an address (APX) of said element in the column, characterized in that the elements of the same column have predetermined bus access priority levels,and in that said bus access logic circuit of each element is configured to: refrain from transmitting said address and cause a reset of the load integrator of the sensing element if the bus is preempted by a higher priority level element; count the number of attempts made before it can transmit said address; and communicate said number to said read circuit along with said element address.