Maxwell Spot Orientation Measurement for Dyslexia Diagnosis
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing devices fail to accurately measure the orientation of major axes of elliptical Maxwell spot centroids in individuals with dyslexia, which is crucial for early diagnosis and understanding the visual asymmetry contributing to reading difficulties.
Innovation Solution
A device is developed to measure the orientation of the major axes of Maxwell spot centroids using a projector, dual rotary filters, and a viewing system, capable of adjusting orientation to within 2°, to identify and quantify ellipticities and orientations for each eye, even in the presence of elliptical profiles.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a device measures only circular Maxwell spot centroids, then the device complexity is reduced, but the measurement precision is insufficient for dyslexic individuals who have elliptical profiles
Solution Approach 1:
The device incorporates adjustable elliptical profiles that can be dynamically modified to match the specific elliptical characteristics of each subject's Maxwell spots. This allows the measurement system to adapt from simple circular patterns to complex elliptical patterns, enabling precise orientation measurement of major axes while maintaining operational flexibility.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the geometric parameters of the projected patterns from circular to elliptical, and allows adjustment of ellipticity parameters to match subject-specific characteristics. This parameter variability enables the device to handle both circular and elliptical Maxwell spot profiles, improving measurement precision without requiring completely different measurement systems.
2Measurement precision
If the device adjusts orientation to within 2°, then the measurement precision is improved, but the ease of operation becomes more difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The measurement system automatically performs the precise orientation alignment and measurement without requiring manual adjustment by the operator. The device self-adjusts to achieve 2° precision by comparing the subject's Maxwell spot orientation with reference elliptical patterns, eliminating the need for complex manual alignment procedures while maintaining high measurement precision.
Solution Approach 2:
The system incorporates feedback mechanisms that automatically adjust the measured orientation values and compare them against reference patterns. This feedback loop ensures 2° precision is achieved through automated correction and validation, reducing the operational burden on the user while maintaining high measurement accuracy.
3Measurement precision
If the device measures elliptical profiles with orientation, then the measurement precision is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The measurement system segments the complex task of measuring elliptical orientation into distinct components: pattern projection, orientation detection, and comparison analysis. By dividing the measurement process into these manageable segments, the device can handle elliptical profile measurement with high precision while keeping the overall system architecture organized and manageable.
Solution Approach 2:
The device is designed with universal measurement capabilities that can handle both circular and elliptical Maxwell spot profiles using the same fundamental measurement mechanism. This multi-functionality is achieved by incorporating adjustable elliptical patterns and orientation detection algorithms that work for both profile types, reducing the need for separate specialized systems.
Data Source
AI summary
An electronic device is disclosed that is able to measure the critical orientations of the ellipses with a precision of 2°, and respective orientations of the main axes for both eyes, which lead to reading difficulties in children. The device according to the invention comprises a control unit for controlling the orientation of an elliptical profile in order to be able to measure mirror-image or translational orientations that are liable to lead to reading difficulties. Opposite or parallel orientations of two profiles having the same ellipticity may in particular lead to two types of dyslexia. The entopic image of each Maxwell spot centroid along with its orientation, observed using a viewing system with a double blue-green rotary filter, makes it possible to diagnose various types of dyslexia. Advantageously, the rotary system makes it possible to choose the rotational frequency so as to optimize contrast quality.