Measurement Apparatus Motion Error Reduction via Optical Merging
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Solution Overview
Problem
Measurement apparatuses that acquire internal information from subjects through non-contact methods face errors due to motion of the subject or the apparatus during measurement, leading to signal inaccuracies.
Innovation Solution
A measurement apparatus comprising a first and second light source, a diffuser, a mirror, and a photodetector, where the light sources emit light that is concentrated and incident on a single region of the diffuser, allowing for reduced error by ensuring consistent illuminance and reflectance angles, even with subject or apparatus motion.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If multiple light sources are used to improve measurement accuracy, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
Multiple light sources (first light source and second light source) are merged to illuminate a single measurement region on the diffuser. This combination allows the system to maintain high measurement precision while managing device complexity through integrated optical design, where the light sources work together rather than independently.
Solution Approach 2:
A diffuser is introduced as an intermediary element between the light sources and the subject. The diffuser receives light from multiple sources and diffuses it uniformly onto the measurement region, simplifying the optical path and reducing the complexity of directly managing multiple light sources while maintaining measurement accuracy.
2Measurement precision
If light sources are positioned close together to reduce motion error, then measurement precision is improved, but illuminance uniformity becomes difficult to maintain
Solution Approach 1:
The diffuser acts as a mediator that receives light from closely positioned light sources and redistributes it uniformly across the measurement region. This intermediary element enables the system to benefit from the close positioning of light sources (reducing motion error) while maintaining illuminance uniformity through the diffusing effect.
Solution Approach 2:
The system ensures that the measurement region on the diffuser receives uniform illuminance by optimizing the local optical properties and geometry. The light sources are positioned and configured to provide appropriate illuminance distribution specifically at the measurement region, rather than requiring uniform illumination across the entire diffuser surface.
3Ease of manufacture
If the optical path is simplified to reduce device complexity, then ease of manufacture is improved, but measurement precision deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The diffuser serves as a simple yet effective intermediary that simplifies the optical path while maintaining measurement precision. Instead of requiring complex optical elements to manage multiple light sources and ensure uniform illumination, the diffuser provides a straightforward solution that is easy to manufacture and integrate into the device.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the optical parameters by using a diffuser with specific optical properties to transform the light from multiple sources into a uniform illumination pattern. This parameter change approach allows for simplified device fabrication while maintaining the precision needed for accurate measurements.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively reduces signal errors caused by motion, enabling more accurate acquisition of internal information by maintaining consistent light distribution and angle alignment, thus improving measurement precision.
Implementation Method 1
a mirror that causes first emitted light and second emitted light to be concentrated and incident on one region of the diffuser by changing a direction of propagation of at least one selected from the group consisting of the first emitted light and the second emitted light
Implementation Method 2
The first reflected light emanates from a subject due to the first emitted light diffused by the diffuser
Data Source
AI summary
A measurement apparatus includes first and second light sources, a diffuser, a photodetector, and a processing circuit. The first and second light sources respectively output first emitted light and second emitted light. The mirror causes the first emitted light and the second emitted light to be concentrated and incident on one region of the diffuser. The photodetector detects first reflected light and second reflected light that emanate from a subject due to the first emitted light and the second emitted light diffused by the diffuser, respectively. The processing circuit generates and outputs information related to the subject, based on the result of detection of the first reflected light and the second reflected light by the photodetector. The distance between two light spots respectively formed on the one region by the first emitted light and the second emitted light is less than the distance between the first and second light sources.