Mechanical Deviation Correction in Vertical Drilling Tools
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing deviation correcting drilling systems for oil and gas wells are expensive and unreliable due to electronic equipment, making it difficult to achieve fast drilling with deviation correction in high-steep and high-slope formations.
Innovation Solution
A mechanical automatic vertical drilling tool with a purely mechanical structure, featuring a test member, control device, actuator, and auxiliary parts that automatically detect and correct borehole deviations using radial forces without electronic components.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If electronic deviation correcting drilling systems are used, then deviation correction capability is improved, but cost and reliability deteriorate due to electronic equipment
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces electronic control systems with a purely mechanical automatic control system. The mechanical automatic vertical drilling tool uses mechanical components such as the bit assembly, drive mechanism, and mechanical feedback systems to automatically correct borehole deviations without electronic equipment, thereby improving reliability while maintaining deviation correction capability
Solution Approach 2:
The drilling tool is designed with automatic self-correction capabilities through mechanical means. The system automatically detects and corrects borehole deviations using mechanical sensors and feedback mechanisms, eliminating the need for external electronic control systems and operators, thus improving both reliability and reducing cost
2Adaptability or versatility
If electronic deviation correcting drilling systems are used, then deviation correction capability is improved, but cost deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces expensive electronic control systems with simpler mechanical components. The mechanical automatic vertical drilling tool uses mechanical linkages, levers, and feedback mechanisms that are cheaper to manufacture and maintain while achieving the same deviation correction function
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs simpler mechanical components that can be easily manufactured and replaced if needed, rather than using expensive electronic equipment. The mechanical parts are designed to be cost-effective and readily replaceable, reducing overall system cost
3Reliability
If mechanical automatic vertical drilling tool is used, then reliability and cost are improved, but deviation correction capability must be maintained
Solution Approach 1:
The mechanical automatic vertical drilling tool automatically detects and corrects borehole deviations through mechanical feedback mechanisms. The system monitors the drilling direction and automatically adjusts the bit orientation using mechanical actuators, maintaining effective deviation correction without electronic systems
Solution Approach 2:
The patent incorporates mechanical feedback systems that continuously monitor borehole deviation and automatically adjust the drilling direction. Mechanical sensors detect angular deviations and transmit this information through mechanical linkages to control mechanisms that correct the borehole path, maintaining deviation correction capability
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The tool provides stable, reliable, and low-cost deviation correction in complex geological environments, enabling self-correction of well bore tilts without human intervention, enhancing drilling efficiency and reducing costs.
Implementation Method 1
the actuator is configured to generate radial force against the drill bit to correct a deviation when the drilling tool is tilted
Implementation Method 2
The control device comprises an eccentric block switch inside of an upper shell, and a plane bearing and a centralizing bearing configured to limit the axial and radial movement of the eccentric block switch
Implementation Method 3
string bearings that withstand an axial force of the control device
Implementation Method 4
a TC bearing that withstands the radial force
Data Source
AI summary
A mechanical automatic vertical drilling tool, with ends that are connected with an upper drilling tool and a bit by a detachable thread, is disclosed. The tool comprises a control device, an actuator and an auxiliary part. The control device detects status of wellbore and controls operations of the actuator when the wellbore leans. The actuator pushes a block out against the well wall to generate a radial force, which pushes against the drill bit to prevent deviation and modify the wellbore trajectory. The auxiliary part transmits the indispensable bit pressure and torque for drilling to assist the control device and the actuator to achieve the function. This disclosure can get automatic deviation correction with only mechanical structures. It is simple and reliable, and unlikely to fail in complicated wells without any manual operation.