Mechanical Perforation Tool System for Casing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing perforation methods in downhole wells rely on explosives, which pose safety risks and are not always permitted.
Innovation Solution
A mechanical perforation tool system that uses a machining bit and axial actuator to create openings in the casing without explosives, powered by a wireline and controlled by an electronic section.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If explosives are used for perforation, then perforation effectiveness is improved, but safety risks and environmental harm increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the chemical explosive system with a mechanical drilling system. A downhole motor drives a drill bit that mechanically drills through the casing wall to create perforations, eliminating the need for explosives and their associated safety and environmental issues while maintaining effective perforation capability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a fluid jet as an intermediary mechanism. High-pressure fluid jets are directed at the casing wall to erode and create perforations, serving as a intermediate step between mechanical drilling and the desired perforation result, reducing the need for direct mechanical contact and potential safety hazards
2Object-affected harmful factors
If mechanical drilling system is used, then safety is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The perforation tool is divided into multiple independent modules: a drive system module with downhole motor, a drilling module with drill bit, a fluid injection module with nozzles, and a control module. Each module performs a specific function and can be independently controlled, making the complex system more manageable and maintainable
Solution Approach 2:
The drill bit serves multiple functions: it mechanically drills the casing wall, it can be positioned and repositioned, and it works in conjunction with the fluid jet system. The integrated drive mechanism provides both rotational motion for drilling and axial positioning, reducing the need for separate positioning mechanisms
3Manufacturing precision
If multiple actuators and rotation units are added, then control precision is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the drive function and positioning function into a single integrated drive mechanism. The downhole motor simultaneously provides rotational motion for the drill bit and controls its axial position through a unified control system, reducing the number of separate actuators needed while maintaining precise control over perforation depth and location
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables safe and controlled perforation of the casing without the use of explosives, allowing for precise creation of perforations in a predetermined pattern, thereby optimizing well fluid inflow.
Implementation Method 1
a first actuator comprising an electric motor for rotating the bit
Implementation Method 2
the perforation tool system may comprise an electric motor powered through a wireline and driving a pump
Implementation Method 3
a second tool part adapted to rotate and move axially in relation to the first tool part, the second tool part comprising a machining bit which is movable in a direction radial to the axial extension
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3~4
AI summary
The present invention relates to a perforation tool system for perforating a screen, a sliding sleeve or a casing wall of a casing in a borehole having a top, comprisinga first tool part having an axial extension and an anchoring section, a second tool part adapted to rotate and move axially in relation to the first tool part, the second tool part comprising a machining bit which is movable in a direction radial to the axial extension, an axial actuator comprised in the first tool part and comprising a shaft for axially moving the second tool part in relation to the first tool part, a rotation unit for rotating the second tool part in relation to the first tool part, and a first actuator comprising an electric motor for rotating the bit, wherein the rotation unit comprises a sleeve having a slot engaging a pin of the shaft, the slot comprising a first longitudinal slot part, a second longitudinal slot part and a first guiding slot part connecting the first and second longitudinal slot parts. The invention also relates to a perforation method.