Real-Time 2D-3D Image Registration for Medical Intervention Motion Compensation
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Solution Overview
Problem
During medical interventions, the registration of preoperatively recorded 3D images with 2D fluoroscopic images is challenged by respiratory and organ movements, leading to errors in the overlaid representation, particularly in abdominal applications like liver biopsies.
Innovation Solution
A method and device that record a 3D tomographic image of the target area with medical instruments present, allowing for real-time 2D/3D registration adjustment based on identified instruments, such as catheters or needles, to compensate for motion, using techniques like segmentation and special markings for improved alignment.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of information
If preoperatively recorded 3D images are registered with 2D fluoroscopic images, then spatial information is conveyed and physician orientation is improved, but errors occur in the overlaid representation due to respiratory and organ movements
Solution Approach 1:
The system transitions from static preoperative 3D image registration to dynamic real-time registration by continuously tracking medical instruments during the intervention. The registration is updated based on current instrument positions detected in fluoroscopic images, allowing the system to adapt to respiratory and organ movements dynamically throughout the procedure.
Solution Approach 2:
The system implements feedback by continuously detecting medical instrument positions in real-time fluoroscopic images and using this information to adjust and update the 3D-2D registration. This closed-loop approach ensures that the overlaid representation remains accurate despite patient movement by constantly correcting based on current instrument locations.
2Measurement precision
If 2D/3D registration is performed using natural landmarks or artificial landmarks, then image alignment is achieved, but the registration becomes inaccurate when respiratory movements occur
Solution Approach 1:
The medical instrument serves as an intermediary object for registration between the 3D preoperative images and 2D fluoroscopic images. By tracking the instrument's position and appearance in both imaging modalities, the system establishes a reliable reference frame that remains accurate despite respiratory movements, as the instrument provides a stable, trackable feature independent of patient anatomy.
3Device complexity
If a static 3D image is used for navigation, then the navigation system is simple and quick to set up, but errors occur due to motion between imaging and intervention
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary 3D image acquisition and initial registration before the intervention begins. This preoperative preparation establishes the baseline spatial relationship between 3D and 2D images, enabling quick setup while maintaining the ability to update registration dynamically during the procedure to account for motion.
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a method and a device for correcting motion in imaging during a medical intervention, by which method a 3D tomographic image of a target area for the intervention is first recorded while there are one or more medical instruments in the target area that will remain there during the intervention. During the intervention 2D fluoroscopic images of the target area are recorded and registered with the 3D image. The registration is therein adjusted for each 2D fluoroscopic image in realtime based in each case on the one or more instruments. The 2D fluoroscopic images are then in each case visualized with representations, concurring in terms of perspective, of the 3D image. Virtually error-free overlaying of the 3D image with in each case one 2D fluoroscopic image can be implemented using the present method and associated device.