Medium-to-High-Viscosity Nozzle for Stable Small-Target Coating
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing airless nozzles struggle to stably apply medium-to-high viscosity liquids to small target objects, leading to unstable coating widths, thick film formation, liquid sagging, and splashing, especially when selective coating is required.
Innovation Solution
A nozzle design featuring a tubular portion with a bilaterally symmetrical top portion and a turbulent flow forming member, which includes a slit and branch channels, creates a turbulent flow to equalize pressure and discharge a stable liquid film with a constant width, reducing variations in coating width and thickness, and minimizing splashing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Area of stationary object
If the nozzle is downsized and the width of the slit is narrowed to apply medium-to-high viscosity liquid to small target objects, then the coating can be applied to small objects, but a stable liquid film portion cannot be obtained and coating width becomes unstable
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the geometric parameters of the nozzle by introducing a conical tubular portion with a specific half-angle (5-15 degrees) and optimizing the slit width-to-length ratio (1:5 to 1:20). These parameter optimizations enable stable liquid film formation even when the nozzle is downsized for small target objects, resolving the contradiction between coating width control and liquid film stability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a conical tubular portion with a specific half-angle range (5-15 degrees) to create a curved flow path that guides the liquid smoothly toward the slit. This curved geometry helps maintain liquid coherence and prevents instability, allowing reliable coating on small objects while controlling coating width.
2Reliability
If the pressure applied to the liquid is increased to maintain stable liquid film discharge from a downsized nozzle, then the liquid film can be discharged stably, but the coating film becomes thick and liquid drips easily when the nozzle is turned off
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the conical angle (5-15 degrees) and slit dimensions to create a flow path that maintains liquid coherence without requiring excessive pressure. This allows stable liquid film discharge while controlling film thickness and preventing dripping when the nozzle is turned off, resolving the contradiction between discharge stability and thickness control.
3Quantity of substance
If the width of the slit is narrowed to suppress discharge amount, then the discharge amount is reduced, but more pressure must be applied which causes unstable coating width and splashing
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the slit width-to-length ratio (1:5 to 1:20) and conical angle to create an efficient flow path that maintains liquid coherence. This allows control of discharge amount while maintaining stable coating width and preventing splashing, as the optimized geometry guides the liquid smoothly through the slit without requiring excessive pressure.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The nozzle enables stable, uniform application of medium-to-high viscosity liquids with reduced variations in coating width and thickness, minimizing liquid sagging and splashing, allowing for selective coating on small target objects.
Implementation Method 1
a turbulent flow forming member that is tightly inserted into the tubular portion with a turbulent flow forming space left at least inside the top portion
Data Source
AI summary
Even a fluid having a medium or high viscosity can be uniformly applied to a relatively small target object without scattering, and can be applied separately (selectively applied). A top portion having a hemispherical, pyramidal, or truncated pyramid shape and protruding in a liquid discharge direction is provided at a distal end portion of a tubular nozzle, and a slit is formed in the top portion. A turbulent flow forming member is disposed in a tubular portion of the nozzle. In the turbulent flow forming member, one main channel to which a liquid is supplied and two branch channels branching from the main channel are formed. The liquid flowing out from the two branch channels forms a turbulent flow in a space of the tubular portion and the top portion at the nozzle distal end, and is discharged as a liquid film having a width from the slit at a substantially uniform pressure. The liquid film is applied to a target object at a position before the liquid film is atomized.