Membrane Biosensor Potential Modulation for Faster Glucose Sensing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) sensors face challenges such as long break-in times, factory or in-situ calibration, and sensitivity changes due to environmental factors, leading to inaccuracies in analyte concentration measurements.
Innovation Solution
A biosensor system employing probing potential modulations (PPMs) alternates between steady-state and non-steady-state conditions to determine analyte concentrations, using a membrane structure with lower analyte solubility and a bias circuit for potential modulation, coupled with a processor and memory to calculate glucose concentrations based on primary and PPM current signals.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a membrane structure with lower analyte solubility is used to trap measurable species, then measurement precision is improved by reducing sensitivity changes, but device complexity increases due to the membrane system and potential modulation circuitry
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by modulating the potential applied to the working electrode between steady-state and non-steady-state conditions. This potential modulation creates alternating concentration gradients that drive measurable species through the membrane in controlled manner, improving measurement precision while managing system complexity through electrical control rather than structural complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The membrane structure serves as an intermediary element that selectively transports measurable species between the electrode interface and the bulk solution. By using a membrane with specific permeability properties, the system achieves precise control over species transport without requiring complex external control mechanisms
2Stability of the object's composition
If steady-state conditions are maintained continuously, then measurement stability is improved, but warmup time increases and productivity decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements periodic action by alternating between steady-state and non-steady-state potential conditions in a cyclic manner. This periodic modulation allows the system to rapidly establish measurable species concentration gradients during non-steady-state phases while maintaining measurement stability during steady-state phases, thereby reducing warmup time and improving productivity without sacrificing measurement stability
Solution Approach 2:
The system transitions from static steady-state conditions to dynamic alternating conditions. By making the potential application dynamic rather than static, the system can rapidly adjust between different operational modes, reducing the time required to reach measurable conditions while maintaining stability during measurement phases
3Measurement precision
If probing potential modulation sequence is applied to create non-steady-state conditions, then measurement precision is improved by reducing sensor error, but use of energy increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent ensures continuity of useful action by maintaining the potential modulation cycle as a continuous process that repeatedly alternates between steady-state and non-steady-state conditions. This continuous cycling ensures that measurement precision is consistently improved through periodic creation of concentration gradients, while the energy consumption is managed through efficient modulation rather than continuous high-power operation
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system reduces sensor error by overcoming sensitivity changes, shortens warmup time, and maintains accuracy in continuous glucose monitoring, allowing for frequent and precise analyte concentration determinations.
Implementation Method 1
The analyte permeable membrane has an analyte permeability with lower analyte solubility than an analyte solubility outside the membrane. The membrane is configured to trap a measureable species within the membrane
Implementation Method 2
the working electrode is covered with an analyte catalyzing layer for converting an analyte into measurable species at and near the working electrode
Implementation Method 3
a bias circuit configured to apply a potential modulation sequence to the working electrode to cause alternating of steady-state and non-steady-state conditions within the electrode system
Data Source
AI summary
A biosensor system is configured to establish a steady-state condition and alternate between the steady-state condition and a non-steady-state condition to determine an analyte concentration. The biosensor system includes an electrode system having at least one working electrode and one counter electrode. The working electrode is covered with an analyte catalyzing layer for converting an analyte into measurable species. A membrane system encompasses the electrode system and comprises an analyte permeable membrane. The membrane has an analyte permeability with lower analyte solubility than an analyte solubility outside the membrane. The membrane is configured to trap a measureable species within the membrane such that a steady-state of the measurable species resulting from the analyte is established near the electrode surface. A bias circuit is configured to apply a potential modulation sequence to the working electrode to cause alternating of steady-state and non-steady-state conditions within the electrode system for analyte concentration determination.