Fuel Cell Membrane Electrode Assembly Pressure Dispersion

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional polymer electrolyte fuel cells face durability issues due to pressure-induced deterioration of the electrolyte membrane during hot press and fastening processes, leading to gas leakage and reduced performance.

Innovation Solution

The electrolyte membrane-electrode assembly incorporates adhesive layers under the gasket layers to disperse pressure, preventing membrane perforation by overlapping the adhesive layers with gas diffusion layers and optimizing their positioning to absorb local stresses.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If fastening members and hot press are used to tighten the fuel cell and enhance bonding characteristics, then electrical contact resistance of constituent parts is reduced, but the electrolyte membrane is subjected to pressure-induced deterioration

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrical contact resistanceVSAvoidelectrolyte membrane durability
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

A buffer layer is provided between the electrolyte membrane and the gasket layer to cushion and disperse the pressure applied during fastening and hot press operations. This prevents pressure concentration at the interface between the electrolyte membrane and gasket layer, thereby preventing membrane deterioration while still allowing effective tightening of the fuel cell assembly.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #11Beforehand cushioning (Prior cushioning)

2Reliability

If the electrolyte membrane is tightly bonded to prevent gas leakage, then sealing performance is improved, but the membrane becomes prone to pressure-induced perforation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegas sealing performanceVSAvoidpressure-induced membrane deterioration
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The buffer layer is positioned between the electrolyte membrane and gasket layer to provide beforehand cushioning against pressure. This cushioning effect prevents pressure-induced perforation of the membrane while maintaining effective gas sealing through the gasket layer's sealing function.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #11Beforehand cushioning (Prior cushioning)

Solution Approach 2:

The buffer layer acts as an intermediary element between the electrolyte membrane and gasket layer. It mediates the pressure transmission, distributing the load away from the fragile membrane while allowing the gasket layer to maintain its sealing function against the membrane edge.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration enhances the durability of the electrolyte membrane, reduces gas leakage, and improves handling and assembly ease by integrating the gasket and gas diffusion layers with the membrane, thereby maintaining fuel cell performance.

Implementation Method 1

incorporates adhesive layers under the gasket layers to disperse pressure, preventing membrane perforation by overlapping the adhesive layers with gas diffusion layers and optimizing their positioning to absorb local stresses

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure dispersion:

Data Source

PatentEP1921701B1Electrolyte membrane-electrode assembly and method for producing same
Publication Date: 2016.10.12 NISSAN MOTOR CO LTD
  • EP1921701B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP1921701B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP1921701B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

An electrolyte membrane-electrode assembly of the present invention includes: an electrolyte membrane; an anode-side electrode including an anode-side catalyst layer disposed on one side of the electrolyte membrane and an anode-side gas diffusion layer formed on the anode-side catalyst layer beyond a surface-direction end of the anode-side catalyst layer; an anode-side adhesive layer disposed on at least a part of a periphery of the anode-side catalyst layer; and an anode-side gasket layer disposed in contact with the anode-side adhesive layer, wherein a surface-direction inner end of the anode-side adhesive lay is located inside beyond a surface-direction inner end of the anode-side gasket layer, and a part of the anode-side adhesive layer is located to overlap with a part of the anode-side gas diffusion layer with respect to a thickness direction. Further, on the other side of the electrolyte membrane, a cathode-side respective layers having the same constructions as above are disposed.