Membrane Opening and Island Linkage for Low-Loss Capacitive Motion Sensing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Capacitive sensing microphones face issues with energy loss and reduced resonance frequency due to deformation of the piston, transmission device, and moving electrode frame, which affects sensitivity and performance.
Innovation Solution
An electromechanical system with a movable element, capacitive means, and a first transmission device connected via pivot joints, featuring a first opening and a first island with a stop to limit movement, and a transmission shaft with distinct portions, reducing energy loss and maintaining resonance frequency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If the piston, transmission device, and moving electrode frame are made rigid to reduce deformation, then energy loss is reduced, but mass increases and resonance frequency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the traditional mechanical transmission system (piston connected to moving electrode frame via rigid connections) with a magnetic field-based capacitive sensing system. The piston's movement is detected through changes in capacitance between the piston and fixed electrode, eliminating the need for rigid mechanical linkages and reducing energy loss to deformation while maintaining low mass.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the measurement parameter from direct mechanical displacement to capacitive coupling. By measuring capacitance changes instead of physical movement, the system achieves high sensitivity without requiring rigid mechanical structures, thus reducing energy loss while keeping the moving mass low.
2Loss of energy
If the piston, transmission device, and moving electrode frame are made rigid to reduce deformation, then energy loss is reduced, but resonance frequency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces rigid mechanical transmission components with a capacitive sensing mechanism that detects piston movement through electric field changes. This substitution eliminates energy loss to mechanical deformation while maintaining light mass, thereby preserving high resonance frequency.
Solution Approach 2:
The piston serves multiple functions: it acts as both the acoustic sensing element and the moving component of the capacitive sensor. This integration eliminates the need for separate transmission devices, reducing mass and energy loss while maintaining resonance frequency.
3Measurement precision
If a transmission device is added to connect the movable element and capacitive means, then measurement capability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The piston is designed to serve dual purposes: it functions as both the acoustic sensing element that responds to pressure changes and as the moving component of the capacitive sensor. This eliminates the need for a separate transmission device, reducing complexity while maintaining measurement capability through capacitive coupling between the piston and fixed electrode.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent merges the acoustic sensing function and capacitive sensing function into a single integrated structure. The piston's movement directly modulates the capacitance between itself and the fixed electrode, combining what would traditionally be separate measurement mechanisms into one unified system.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system enhances sensitivity and maintains resonance frequency by minimizing energy loss through rotational motion transmission without deformation, improving overall performance.
Implementation Method 1
Capacitive sensing means 15 arranged in the second zone 12. These capacitive sensing means 15 allow the displacement of the piston 13 to be measured
Implementation Method 2
a first device for transmitting motion between the movable element and the capacitive means for measurement or actuation, the first transmission device being rotationally movable relative to the frame by means of a plurality of first pivot joints
Data Source
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AI summary
The invention relates to an electromechanical system comprising: - a frame; - a movable element (13) relative to the frame, the movable element comprising a membrane (131) and a membrane stiffening structure (132); - capacitive means for measuring or actuation; - a first transmission device (14a) for transmitting movement between the movable element (13) and the measuring or actuation means, the first transmission device (14a) being rotationally movable relative to the frame by means of a plurality of first pivot joints (16a); system in which: - a first opening (134) is provided in the movable element (13); - the frame comprises a first island (110) extending inside the first opening (134); and - the first transmission device (14a) is connected to the first island (110) via one of the first pivot joints (16a).