Membrane Fluid Valve Layout for Low-Resistance SCR Urea Flow
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing 4/2-way fluid valves in exhaust gas reduction systems face challenges in achieving a compact design with low hydraulic resistance, particularly when dealing with the freezing urea water solution used in SCR processes, which can cause damage due to volume expansion and require complex fluid direction changes.
Innovation Solution
A 4/2-way fluid valve design featuring hollow connecting chambers with elastic membranes that separate fluid channels at angles between 0° and 90°, reducing hydraulic resistance and preventing fluid residue freezing by providing an elastic compensating volume and pressure accumulator, allowing efficient fluid delivery and reverse flow without changing the pump direction.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Volume of moving object
If fluid channels are arranged at sharp angles to achieve compact design, then the valve size is reduced, but hydraulic resistance increases
Solution Approach 1:
A membrane is introduced as an intermediary element in the connecting chamber between fluid channels. The membrane allows fluid to pass through while maintaining the compact angular arrangement of channels, thus reducing valve size without significantly increasing hydraulic resistance.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a flexible membrane (thin film) in the connecting chamber that can deform to accommodate fluid flow. This flexible element enables compact channel arrangement while maintaining acceptable flow characteristics by allowing the membrane to adapt to pressure changes and fluid dynamics.
2Volume of moving object
If the valve structure is simplified for compact design, then the space requirement is reduced, but the ability to handle pulsating hydraulic loads deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The membrane in the connecting chamber is designed as a dynamic element that can deform in response to pulsating hydraulic loads. This dynamic behavior allows the membrane to absorb and dampen pressure fluctuations, maintaining reliability while keeping the valve structure compact.
Solution Approach 2:
The membrane's physical parameters (flexibility, thickness, material properties) are optimized to provide appropriate compliance for handling pulsating loads. By carefully selecting membrane parameters, the valve achieves both compact size and the ability to withstand hydraulic pressure variations.
3Reliability
If fluid channels are arranged at angles greater than 0° to prevent dead space, then fluid residue freezing is prevented, but the valve design becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The membrane in the connecting chamber serves multiple functions: it allows fluid passage, prevents dead space formation through its positioning and flexibility, and maintains the compact angular channel arrangement. This multi-functionality achieves reliable fluid drainage without excessive complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The compact and efficient fluid valve design enables effective delivery and return of the reducing agent with reduced hydraulic resistance, preventing fluid residue freezing and accommodating pulsating hydraulic loads, thus ensuring reliable operation in exhaust gas reduction systems.
Implementation Method 1
An elastic membrane (14) is provided in each connecting chamber (12), which separates a first region (16) of the respective connecting chamber (12), into which the first and second fluid channels (3, 5) open, from a second region (17) of the connecting chamber (12)
Implementation Method 2
The elastic membrane can be deflected in both directions and therefore provides a pressure accumulator that dampens pressure fluctuations in the event of a pulsating hydraulic load
Implementation Method 3
The volume of air provides an elastic compensating volume that enables volume equalization and prevents an excessive increase in pressure if, despite being sucked back, fluid residues remain in the valve and freeze there
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2~3
Figure 4
AI summary
A fluid valve (32) has at least one connecting chamber (12), a first fluid channel (3) and a second fluid channel (5), wherein the first and the second fluid channel (3, 5) open into the connecting chamber (12). In the connecting chamber (12), there is an elastic membrane (14) which separates a first region (16) of the connecting chamber (12), into which the first and the second fluid channels (3, 5) open, from a second region (17) of the connecting chamber (12) in a fluid-tight manner.