Memory Controller Delay Training Circuit for DDR Strobe Signal

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for training data strobe signals in DDR memory systems are inefficient, requiring multiple iterations at different frequencies and pre-characterized seed values, which can lead to unpredictable behavior and erroneous reads due to sampling of tri-stated data strobe signals.

Innovation Solution

A memory controller with a training circuit that adjusts the phase of an enable signal relative to the data strobe signal using a delay locked loop (DLL) to ensure the enable signal coincides with the preamble indication, thereby preventing sampling of a tri-stated data strobe signal, and storing the delay indication in a register for future operations.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If multiple iterations at different frequencies are performed for training, then the data strobe signal timing may be optimized, but the training time and system complexity increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedata strobe signal timing precisionVSAvoidtraining time
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent performs training at a low frequency seed value first to establish initial timing relationships before operating at higher frequencies. This preliminary training at lower frequencies provides a foundation that simplifies subsequent high-frequency training, avoiding the need for exhaustive multi-iteration training at each frequency level.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses the timing relationships established at lower frequencies as a template or copy for high-frequency training. The trained timing parameters from seed frequency are reused and adapted for higher frequencies, reducing the need for complete re-training and significantly decreasing overall training time.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

2Ease of operation

If pre-characterized seed values are used for training, then the training process can be initialized, but unpredictable behavior and erroneous reads may occur due to sampling of tri-stated data strobe signals

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetraining initializationVSAvoidread operation reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a feedback mechanism where the system monitors the stability and validity of trained timing parameters. If unpredictable behavior or erroneous reads are detected, the system can adjust the training parameters or re-perform training, ensuring reliable operation before transitioning to normal high-frequency reads.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The patent performs comprehensive training at lower frequencies before operating at higher frequencies, creating a cushion of validated timing parameters. This preliminary training establishes robust timing relationships that prevent erroneous reads during high-frequency operation, cushioning against potential reliability issues.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #11Beforehand cushioning (Prior cushioning)

3Productivity

If training is performed at higher frequencies directly, then system performance can be optimized, but training stability and predictability decrease

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesystem performanceVSAvoidtraining stability
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The patent performs training at a low frequency seed value first to establish initial timing relationships before operating at higher frequencies. This preliminary training at lower frequencies provides a foundation that simplifies subsequent high-frequency training, avoiding the need for exhaustive multi-iteration training at each frequency level.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent systematically changes the frequency parameter from low to high in a controlled sequence. By transitioning through intermediate frequency steps rather than jumping directly to high frequencies, the training process maintains stability while progressively achieving high-performance operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentEP2852898B1Method and apparatus for memory access delay training
Publication Date: 2017.08.02 ADVANCED MICRO DEVICES INC
  • EP2852898B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2852898B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2852898B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Various method and apparatus embodiments for training a delay for enabling a data strobe signal in a memory subsystem are disclosed. In one embodiment, a system includes a memory controller configured to receive a data strobe signal. The memory controller includes a training circuit. The training circuit includes a first storage circuit coupled to receive the data strobe signal on a data input and an enable signal on a clock input, and a training unit configured to, based on an output signal received from the first flip-flop, adjust a phase of the enable signal until an assertion of the enable signal coincides with a preamble indication in the data strobe signal.