Memristor Crossbar Array Calibration Circuit
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Solution Overview
Problem
Memristor crossbar arrays in non-von Neumann computing paradigms face challenges in computational precision due to interdevice variability, electronic noise, and temperature dependence, which affect the accuracy of matrix-vector multiplications and stored data.
Innovation Solution
An apparatus comprising an adjustment circuit and a calibration circuit that measures and models variations in output currents at actual operating conditions relative to reference conditions, allowing for precise adjustments to maintain accurate calculations by compensating for temperature-induced changes, using a set of memristors with predefined resistance and a temperature-sensitive element to determine and apply correction factors.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If memristor crossbar arrays are used for computational tasks, then computational functionality is achieved, but computational precision deteriorates due to interdevice variability and temperature dependence
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by performing calibration measurements at a reference temperature before actual computation. The system pre-determines correction factors that account for temperature-dependent variations in memristor characteristics. These correction factors are stored and applied during computation to compensate for temperature effects, thereby maintaining computational precision while preserving computational functionality.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements parameter changes by measuring and correcting for variations in memristor resistance and conductance as functions of temperature. The system models these parameter changes using calibration data and applies correction factors that adjust the computational results based on the actual operating temperature, thus compensating for temperature-induced precision degradation.
2Measurement precision
If calibration circuits are added to compensate for temperature variations, then computational precision is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies self-service by designing a calibration circuit that uses the memristor crossbar array itself to perform calibration measurements. The same computational hardware is utilized for both computation and calibration purposes, eliminating the need for entirely separate calibration equipment. This reduces overall system complexity while maintaining computational precision through temperature compensation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enables precise and accurate adjustments of output currents, improving computational precision by accounting for temperature variations and interdevice variability, ensuring reliable and accurate calculations in memristor crossbar arrays.
Implementation Method 1
a temperature-sensitive element to determine and apply correction factors
Implementation Method 2
measuring or modeling a variation of output currents of the array at the actual operating condition with respect to a reference operating condition
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to an apparatus for a memristor crossbar array. The apparatus comprises an adjustment circuit configured for receiving a current that is output by the array at an actual operating condition of the array. The apparatus further comprises a calibration circuit configured for determining a measured or modelled variation of output currents of the array at the actual operating condition with respect to a reference operating condition, wherein the adjustment circuit is configured to adjust the output current by the variation.