Memristor-Based State of Charge Monitoring for Battery Systems
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current electrical energy storage systems consume significant power due to the use of analog-to-digital converters and circuitry for precise voltage and current measurements to determine the state of charge (SOC) of rechargeable batteries, which is inefficient and not suitable for continuous monitoring.
Innovation Solution
A system utilizing memristors coupled with electrical energy storage devices to monitor charge and discharge currents, where the resistance of memristors changes based on the direction of current flow, allowing for continuous SOC determination and control of charging and discharging processes through a readout controller.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If precise voltage and current measurements are performed using analog-to-digital converters and circuitry to determine SOC, then measurement precision is improved, but power consumption increases substantially
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the measurement function from complex ADC circuitry to a simple resistive sensing mechanism. By using a resistor whose resistance changes with SOC, the system eliminates the need for power-hungry ADCs, voltage dividers, and microcontroller processing, achieving accurate SOC measurement with minimal power consumption.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a simple resistive element that can be easily replaced or reset. The resistor undergoes resistance changes during charging/discharging cycles and can be reset by reversing current flow, providing a low-cost, low-power alternative to complex electronic measurement systems.
2Reliability
If voltage and current are monitored continuously to determine SOC, then reliability is improved, but power consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The resistive SOC indicator provides continuous information about battery charge state without requiring active measurement circuits. The resistance value continuously reflects the integrated charge/discharge history, enabling reliable SOC determination at any moment without continuous power consumption for sampling and processing.
Solution Approach 2:
The resistor automatically tracks SOC through passive accumulation of charge effects during normal battery operation. No active monitoring circuitry is needed - the resistor's resistance naturally evolves with battery charge state, providing self-service SOC indication that is always available without additional power consumption.
3Reliability
If sampling is performed with repeated measurements to mitigate current surges, then measurement reliability is improved, but loss of time increases
Solution Approach 1:
The resistive indicator provides instantaneous SOC information without requiring multiple samples or averaging. The resistance value directly reflects the cumulative charge history, eliminating the need for repeated measurements and time-consuming data processing while maintaining measurement reliability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution reduces power consumption and enables efficient, continuous monitoring of SOC, optimizing battery charging and discharging operations while minimizing measurement errors.
Implementation Method 1
A memristor is a device that displays the property of memristance. Memristance is a property of an electronic component, such that if charge flows in one direction through the component, the resistance of that component will increase, and if charge flows in the opposite direction in the component, the resistance will decrease.
Data Source
AI summary
Systems and methods for determining a state of charge (SOC) of an electrical energy storage device are disclosed. In one embodiment, a system is provided for determining the SOC of an electrical energy storage device comprises at least one memristor coupled in series with the electrical energy storage device to monitor charge current and discharge current of the electrical energy storage device. The system also includes a readout controller configured to determine the SOC of the electrical energy storage device based on the resistance of the memristor.