Piezoelectric MEMS Actuator With Passive Deformation Sensing

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing piezoelectric MEMS actuators face challenges in accurately monitoring deformation due to noisy and inaccurate stress measurements from ferroelectric materials like PZT, and active detection methods consume high energy.

Innovation Solution

Integration of a piezoelectric detection region with low relative electrical permittivity, such as aluminum nitride, which generates a detection voltage passively and provides linear, non-hysteretic behavior, allowing for real-time control of deformation without energy consumption.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If piezoelectric materials with high relative electrical permittivity (e.g., PZT) are used for detection, then the detection sensitivity is improved, but the measurement accuracy deteriorates due to hysteresis and noisy measurements

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection sensitivityVSAvoidmeasurement accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the key parameter of relative electrical permittivity from high (PZT) to low (aluminum nitride) to eliminate hysteresis effects and improve measurement linearity, while maintaining adequate detection sensitivity through optimized electrode geometry and passive detection methodology

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces active mechanical stress measurement systems with a passive piezoelectric detection system that measures deformation through voltage generation without requiring external excitation, thereby eliminating hysteresis and improving measurement reliability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Extent of automation

If active detection methods are used to monitor deformation, then the real-time control capability is improved, but the energy consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvereal-time control capabilityVSAvoidenergy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Extent of automationVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The piezoelectric detection region generates detection voltage passively in response to mechanical deformation without requiring external power supply or active excitation, enabling self-powered real-time deformation monitoring

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The detection system operates through periodic mechanical deformation of the deformable structure, which naturally generates piezoelectric voltage signals without requiring continuous electrical excitation or active sensing mechanisms

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

3Power

If piezoelectric materials with high relative electrical permittivity are used, then the detection voltage is amplified, but the linearity and hysteresis behavior worsen

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection voltageVSAvoidlinearity
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The patent inverts the conventional approach by using low permittivity materials that exhibit linear, non-hysteretic behavior, and compensates for lower voltage amplitude through optimized electrode configuration and passive detection sensitivity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution enables accurate, energy-efficient monitoring of deformation with high sensitivity and reliability, suitable for applications like microfluidic valves and camera focusing systems.

Implementation Method 1

Integration of a piezoelectric detection region with low relative electrical permittivity, such as aluminum nitride, which generates a detection voltage passively

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPiezoelectric effect: Piezoelectric Effect

Implementation Method 2

the application of a bias voltage between the lower electrode 21 and the upper electrode 22 causes a deformation of the piezoelectric region 20 and consequently of the deformable structure 16

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPiezoelectric effect: Piezoelectric Effect

Data Source

PatentEP3907178B1Piezoelectric actuator having a deformation sensor and fabrication method thereof
Publication Date: 2024.05.29 STMICROELECTRONICS SRL
  • EP3907178B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3907178B1 patent drawingFigure 2~4
  • EP3907178B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

The MEMS actuator (150) is formed by a substrate (50'), which surrounds a cavity (100); by a deformable structure (105) suspended on the cavity; by an actuation structure (65) formed by a first piezoelectric region (61) of a first piezoelectric material, supported by the deformable structure and configured to cause a deformation of the deformable structure; and by a detection structure (90) formed by a second piezoelectric region (80) of a second piezoelectric material, supported by the deformable structure and configured to detect the deformation of the deformable structure.