MEMS Mirror Scanning for Eye-Safe Long-Range LIDAR
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current LIDAR systems are limited by maximum illumination power to ensure eye safety, which restricts their ability to reliably detect far-away objects under varying environmental conditions.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of a MEMS scanning device with a movable MEMS mirror and actuators that pivot about multiple axes, combined with a light deflector system through a sloped windshield, enhances the scanning capability and optical path orientation to increase the effective range while maintaining eye safety.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the illumination power of LIDAR systems is increased to detect far-away objects, then the detection range and reliability are improved, but the eye safety is compromised due to potential thermal damage to the retina
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the illumination function into multiple independent laser sources operating at different wavelengths. Each wavelength targets specific atmospheric scattering mechanisms (Rayleigh scattering for shorter wavelengths, Mie scattering for longer wavelengths), allowing the system to achieve extended detection range through wavelength-diversified illumination rather than relying on a single high-power source that would compromise eye safety
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically adjusts illumination parameters by selecting different wavelength combinations based on environmental conditions (fog, rain, clear air). This allows optimization of detection range for specific atmospheric conditions without consistently using maximum power that would endanger eye safety, resolving the contradiction between reliability and safety
2Adaptability or versatility
If the LIDAR system uses higher power to overcome atmospheric scattering and detect distant objects, then the detection capability in adverse conditions is improved, but the risk of retinal damage increases
Solution Approach 1:
The illumination system is segmented into multiple wavelength channels, each optimized for specific atmospheric conditions. This allows the system to adaptively select appropriate wavelengths for fog, rain, or clear conditions, improving versatility without requiring high power that would cause retinal damage
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces wavelength diversity as an intermediary mechanism to overcome atmospheric scattering. Instead of increasing power directly, the system uses different wavelengths that interact differently with atmospheric particles, providing adaptability to adverse conditions while maintaining eye-safe power levels
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration allows for improved detection of objects at greater distances and in diverse conditions, enhancing the reliability and effectiveness of LIDAR systems in automotive applications.
Implementation Method 1
a MEMS scanning device with a movable MEMS mirror and actuators that pivot about multiple axes, combined with a light deflector system
Implementation Method 2
measuring distances to objects by illuminating objects with light and measuring the reflected pulses with a sensor
Data Source
AI summary
A LIDAR system including a MEMS scanning device is disclosed. The LIDAR system includes a light source, a light deflector, a sensor, and a processor. The light deflector deflects light from the light source or light received from an environment outside a vehicle in which the LIDAR system is installed. The sensor detects the light received from the light source or the environment. The processor determines a distance of one or more objects in the environment from the vehicle based on the signals from the sensor. The light deflector includes one or more actuators, which include one or more actuating arms. Connectors connect the actuating arms to an MEMS mirror or other deflector. The actuating arms move when subjected to an electrical field in the form of a voltage or current. Movement of the actuating arms causes movement of the MEMS mirror or deflector causing it to deflect light.