Scratch-Resistant Polymer Coatings for MEMS Backside Etching

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing protective coatings for fragile front-side circuitry in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) during deep reactive ion etching (DRIE) processes lack scratch resistance, are prone to outgassing, and cannot withstand high temperatures, leading to potential damage and yield loss, and often require separate etch stop layers that complicate device design.

Innovation Solution

A non-photosensitive protective coating composed of styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers or aromatic sulfone polymers, applied via spin-coating, which provides scratch resistance, avoids outgassing, and can act as an etch stop layer, while being removable without damaging the circuitry or substrate.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If standard photoresist is used as protective coating, then the coating can be applied easily, but it lacks scratch resistance and cannot withstand plasma and high temperatures

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveease of coating applicationVSAvoidscratch resistance and plasma resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the protective coating by using polymers with high glass transition temperatures (Tg > 100°C), specifically mentioning polymers such as polyimide, poly(p-xylylene), and cycled poly(p-xylylene). This parameter change enables the coating to withstand plasma exposure and high temperatures while maintaining scratch resistance, resolving the contradiction between ease of application and protective performance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs composite material strategies by combining polymer coatings with specific additives and fillers to achieve both ease of application and superior protective properties. The composite structure allows the coating to exhibit scratch resistance, plasma resistance, and thermal stability while maintaining spin-coatability, thus resolving the contradiction between manufacturing ease and reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Ease of manufacture

If photoresist is used as protective coating, then the coating process is simple, but it causes outgassing and stress-related issues during etching

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesimplicity of coating processVSAvoidoutgassing and stress
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the thermal and chemical parameters of the coating material by selecting polymers with high glass transition temperatures and low outgassing characteristics. These materials maintain dimensional stability during etching processes, avoiding stress-related defects and outgassing problems while keeping the coating application simple through spin-coating methods.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If separate etch stop layer is used, then device protection is improved, but device design complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedevice protectionVSAvoidnumber of layers
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies the multi-functionality principle by designing a protective coating that simultaneously serves as both the protective layer during etching and the etch stop layer. This single-layer solution provides device protection while preventing etch penetration, eliminating the need for separate etch stop layers and reducing overall device structure complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent merges the functions of the protective coating and etch stop layer into a single integrated layer. By combining these two functions into one polymer-based coating, the patent reduces the number of layers required in the device structure while maintaining both protection and etch stopping capabilities.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

4Ease of manufacture

If existing protective coating is used, then coating application is straightforward, but it cannot be removed without damaging circuitry

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveease of coating applicationVSAvoidease of removal
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSEase of repair

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a disposable protective coating strategy where the polymer coating is designed to be easily removable after serving its protective function. The coating can be applied simply via spin-coating and then removed using standard solvents or plasma treatment, allowing the circuitry to be accessed without damage from the protective layer itself.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The protective coating effectively shields front-side device features from physical and chemical damage during DRIE, maintains integrity at high temperatures, and simplifies the device design by eliminating the need for separate etch stop layers, ensuring high device yield and easy removal post-processing.

Implementation Method 1

have sufficient hardness to resist physical scratching

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHardness:

Implementation Method 2

maintains integrity at high temperatures

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal stability:

Implementation Method 3

protects front-side device features from physical and chemical damage

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectChemical resistance:

Data Source

PatentEP2471090B1Scratch-resistant coatings for protecting front-side circuitry during backside processing
Publication Date: 2017.07.26 BREWER SCIENCE INC
  • EP2471090B1 patent drawingFigure 1(A)~1(C)
  • EP2471090B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP2471090B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

Scratch-resistant coatings for protecting front-side microelectromechanical and semiconductor device features during backside processing are provided, along with methods of using the same. The coatings are non-photosensitive, removable, and tolerate high processing temperatures. These coatings also eliminate the need for a separate etch stop layer in the device design. The coatings are formed from a composition comprising a component dissolved or dispersed in a solvent system. The component is selected from the group consisting of styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers and aromatic sulfone polymers.