Mesoporous Inorganic Oxide Adsorbent for High-Temperature CO2 Capture
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current carbon dioxide adsorbents are inefficient at high temperatures, such as those found in fossil fuel-based power plants, and require significant energy for desorption due to the formation of carbonate bonds during adsorption.
Innovation Solution
A carbon dioxide adsorbent comprising a mesoporous inorganic oxide with a crystalline halide of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal and a chemical species containing phosphorous, sulfur, or boron, which supports improved adsorption capacity and thermal durability, allowing efficient carbon dioxide capture and easy desorption at high temperatures without carbonate formation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional adsorbents (carbon materials, zeolites, MOF materials) are used for CO2 capture, then adsorption efficiency is improved at low temperatures, but they become unsuitable for high temperature applications (200°C to 550°C) found in fossil fuel-based power plants
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a composite material system consisting of a mesoporous inorganic oxide support combined with alkali metal or alkaline earth metal compounds. This composite structure integrates the high surface area and thermal stability of the mesoporous oxide with the CO2 adsorption capability of the metal compounds, enabling effective CO2 capture at high temperatures (200-550°C) where conventional adsorbents fail.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the operating temperature parameter range by developing an adsorbent specifically designed for high temperature conditions. The mesoporous inorganic oxide support maintains structural integrity and adsorption functionality at temperatures up to 550°C, fundamentally expanding the applicable temperature range compared to conventional adsorbents that are limited to below 200°C.
2Quantity of substance
If carbonate bonds form during CO2 adsorption, then CO2 capture capacity is improved, but energy consumption for desorption increases significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent utilizes mesoporous inorganic oxide materials with controlled pore sizes and high surface areas. The porous structure provides numerous adsorption sites for CO2 while allowing easy access and release. The physical adsorption mechanism in the porous structure avoids strong carbonate bond formation, enabling CO2 desorption with minimal energy input and facilitating rapid regeneration of the adsorbent.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention replaces the chemical adsorption mechanism (which forms strong carbonate bonds requiring high energy for breaking) with physical adsorption mechanisms. The mesoporous structure enables CO2 to be captured through weaker van der Waals forces and physisorption, which can be easily reversed with low energy input, thus substituting a high-energy chemical process with a low-energy physical process.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The adsorbent exhibits enhanced adsorption efficiency at high temperatures (200° C. to 550° C.) with reduced energy requirements for desorption, maintaining a high level of performance across multiple adsorption/desorption cycles and offering improved thermal stability.
Implementation Method 1
The carbon dioxide adsorbent for such facilities should be able to adsorb carbon dioxide at a relatively high temperature
Implementation Method 2
When carbon dioxide is adsorbed to the adsorbent, a carbonate bond may form, which may entail consuming a greater amount of energy for desorption
Data Source
AI summary
An adsorbent for carbon dioxide may include a mesoporous inorganic oxide having a crystalline halide of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal supported thereto and a chemical species containing phosphorous (P), sulfur(S), or boron (B) supported thereto.