Message Hopping Between OBUs and RSUs for Blind-Spot V2V Alerts
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Solution Overview
Problem
In intelligent transport systems, there are blind spots where traffic conditions cannot be checked due to insufficient sharing and handling of accident information outside the sensor detection range of smart transportation infrastructure, leading to instability in traffic situations.
Innovation Solution
A message hop-based communication method and apparatus that utilizes a hopping method for real-time information sharing between vehicles and a central traffic center, using message frames with data elements for identifying message transmitters and receivers, and data elements for accident and positional information.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If direct communication with base station or RSU is used, then communication reliability is improved, but communication coverage area is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces intermediate vehicles (relay vehicles) that receive messages from RSUs and forward them to vehicles in blind spots. This intermediary mechanism extends communication coverage while maintaining reliability through multi-hop transmission, solving the contradiction between limited direct coverage and reliable communication.
Solution Approach 2:
The communication system is segmented into multiple hops: RSU to relay vehicle, and relay vehicle to target vehicle. This segmentation allows the system to overcome the limited direct communication range of RSUs while maintaining communication reliability through structured message forwarding protocols.
2Area of stationary object
If message hopping method is used to extend coverage, then communication coverage area is improved, but message transmission complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent defines universal message formats (BSM, PVD, CM) that can be used across different communication scenarios (direct RSU communication and relayed communication). This multi-functionality reduces transmission complexity by using standardized structures regardless of the communication path taken.
Solution Approach 2:
The relay vehicle copies and forwards message content from the RSU to the target vehicle, maintaining message integrity through standardized formats. This copying mechanism simplifies the relaying process by avoiding complex message transformation while extending coverage.
3Reliability
If real-time information sharing is implemented in blind spots, then traffic safety is improved, but communication latency increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses probe vehicle data (PVD) to proactively gather information about vehicles in blind spots before accidents occur. This preliminary action enables the RSU to have advance knowledge of traffic conditions in coverage areas, reducing response time when incidents occur.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements feedback loops where vehicles continuously transmit BSM messages with their state information, and relay vehicles forward this information to RSUs. This real-time feedback mechanism ensures that safety-critical information is continuously updated with minimal latency despite the multi-hop transmission.
Data Source
AI summary
A message hop-based communication method of guaranteeing real-time communication in a vehicle communication environment may comprise: receiving, by a first on-board unit (OBU) of a first vehicle, a first message including a message frame (MF) for probe vehicle data (PVD) from a road side unit (RSU); and transmitting a second message, including an MF for a basic safety message (BSM), to a second OBU of a second vehicle, the second message corresponding to the first message, wherein the PVD and the BSM each comprise a data frame for a hopping request.