Metal-Air Battery Dual-Layer Cathode Ion Electron Path

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Solution Overview

Problem

Metal-air batteries face performance degradation and life shortening due to chemical deterioration and electrolyte depletion, particularly when using organic-based electrolytes, which affect their energy density and cyclability.

Innovation Solution

A metal-air battery design featuring a cathode with a first layer providing a metal ion transfer path and a second layer offering an electron transfer path, both made from conductive materials with specific conductivity ratios, and an organic electrolyte-free configuration, along with a gas diffusion layer and solid electrolyte separator, to enhance ion and electron flow while minimizing reaction product accumulation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a single-layer cathode is used, then the device complexity is low, but the ion transfer efficiency and electron transfer efficiency cannot be optimized simultaneously

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveion transfer efficiencyVSAvoidcathode structure
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The cathode is divided into two distinct layers: a first cathode layer in contact with the electrolyte that provides metal ion transfer paths, and a second cathode layer that provides electron transfer paths. This segmentation allows each layer to be optimized for its specific function, improving overall battery performance while maintaining manageable structural complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Ease of manufacture

If organic-based electrolytes are used, then the manufacturing cost is low, but chemical deterioration and electrolyte depletion occur

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanufacturing costVSAvoidchemical stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The invention changes the chemical composition parameter of the electrolyte from organic-based to inorganic-based materials. This parameter change eliminates the chemical deterioration and electrolyte depletion problems associated with organic electrolytes, significantly improving battery reliability and cycle life, though it may increase manufacturing complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This design improves the battery's performance, extends its life, and prevents chemical deterioration, reducing manufacturing complexity and costs by optimizing ion and electron conductivity and avoiding electrolyte depletion.

Implementation Method 1

the first cathode layer provides a metal ion transfer path

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectIonic conduction: Conduction (electrical)

Implementation Method 2

the second cathode layer provides an electron transfer path

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical conduction: Conduction (electrical)

Implementation Method 3

Oxygen reduction and oxidation reactions occur in the positive electrode

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDiffusion: Diffusion

Implementation Method 4

a separator between the anode and the cathode

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectIonic conduction: Conduction (electrical)

Data Source

PatentEP4109598A1Metal-air battery
Publication Date: 2022.12.28 SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO LTD
  • EP4109598A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4109598A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4109598A1 patent drawingFigure 3A

AI summary

A metal-air battery includes: an anode including a metal; a cathode spaced apart from the anode; and a separator between the anode and the cathode, wherein the cathode includes a first cathode layer including a first conductive material, and a second cathode layer disposed on the first cathode layer, the second cathode layer including a second conductive material, and wherein the first cathode layer provides a metal ion conduction path and the second cathode layer provides an electron transfer path.